Tabernáculo

 Nota: Para o cofre colocado sobre o altar das igrejas, veja Sacrário.
Tabernáculo
Tipo
Características
Material
cloth (en), madeira, ouro e prataVisualizar e editar dados no Wikidata
Composto de

Tabernáculo (em hebraico: מִשְׁכַּן, mishkan, "residência" ou "habitação"), de acordo com a Bíblia hebraica, era a habitação terrestre de Deus entre os filhos de Israel desde o tempo do Êxodo do Egito até a conquista da terra de Canaã. Construído em camadas de cortinas, juntamente com 48 placas revestidas com ouro polido, como persianas verticais mantidas em cinco barras por lado com a barra do meio e decoradas com itens feitos de ouro, prata, latão, peles, joias e outros materiais valiosos retirados do Egito Antigo pelas ordens de Deus, e de acordo com as especificações reveladas por Javé a Moisés no Monte Sinai, foram transportadas pelos israelitas em sua jornada pelo deserto e sua conquista da terra prometida.[1]

A principal fonte para o relato da construção do tabernáculo é o Livro do Êxodo, especificamente Êxodo 25-31 e 35-40. Ele descreve um santuário interior, o Santo dos Santos, que abrigava a Arca da Aliança, que era mantida sob o véu da cobertura, que era suspensa por quatro pilares e uma câmara externa (o "Lugar Santo"), contendo um refletor de ouro batido com o que é geralmente descrito como um suporte de candelabro com um eixo central que incorporava quatro tigelas em forma de amêndoa e seis ramos, cada um com três tigelas em forma de amêndoas e flores, 22 no total. Estava de pé na diagonal, cobrindo parcialmente uma mesa para o pão da proposição e com as sete lamparinas para fornecer luz junto com o altar do incenso.[2]

Esta descrição é geralmente identificada como parte da fonte sacerdotal,[2] escrita no século VI ou V a.C.. Muitos estudiosos afirmam que é uma data muito posterior ao tempo de Moisés e que a descrição reflete a estrutura do Templo de Salomão, enquanto alguns sustentam que a descrição deriva das memórias de um verdadeiro santuário pré-monárquico, talvez o santuário em Siló.[2] Os estudiosos tradicionais afirmam que descreve um tabernáculo real usado no tempo de Moisés e depois disso.[3] De acordo com a alta crítica, uma fonte pré-exílica anterior, o Elohist ("E"), descreve o tabernáculo como um simples santuário em forma de tenda.[2]

Ver também

Referências

  1. Números 4:15
  2. a b c d Cross, F. L., ed. (2005). «Tabernacle». The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. Nova Iorque: Oxford University Press 
  3. «Tabernacle». Catholic Encyclopedia 

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