Proteção ambiental

Área de preservação ambiental.

A proteção ambiental é a prática de proteger o ambiente natural, nos níveis individual, organizacional ou governamental, tanto em benefício do próprio meio ambiente como dos seres humanos. Devido às pressões populacionais e de tecnologia, o ambiente biofísico está a ser degradado, por vezes de forma permanente. Isto tem sido reconhecido, e os governos começaram a colocar restrições sobre as atividades que causam degradação ambiental. Desde os anos 1960, as atividades dos movimentos ambientalistas criaram a consciência de várias questões ambientais.[1] Não há acordo sobre a extensão do impacto ambiental da atividade humana e as medidas de proteção são ocasionalmente censuradas.

A proteção do meio ambiente é necessária devido às várias atividades humanas. A produção de resíduos, a poluição do ar e também a perda de biodiversidade (resultante da introdução de espécies invasoras e da extinção de espécies) são algumas das questões relacionadas com a proteção ambiental.

Diversas conferências internacionais visam a preservação do meio ambiente. As conferências da ECO-92 e a Conferência de Estocolmo, por exemplo, foram duas das mais importantes no âmbito, e estabeleceram muitas das normas internacionais que impactaram nas decisões internas dos governos em questões ambientais.

A proteção ambiental é influenciada por três fatores interligados: legislação ambiental, ética e educação. Cada um desses fatores desempenha o seu papel em influenciar decisões ambientais a nível nacional e os valores e comportamentos ambientais a nível pessoal. Para que a proteção do meio ambiente se torne uma realidade, é importante que as sociedades desenvolvam cada uma dessas áreas que, em conjunto, irão informar e conduzir as decisões ambientais. A legislação ambiental brasileira é considerada uma das mais completas e avançadas do mundo no quesito de proteção ambiental, mesmo que muitos dos aparatos estatais de regulamentação e cumprimento das leis não atuem da forma que deveriam, resultando em processos de extinção de grande parte da biodiversidade do país.[2][3]

Ver também

Referências

  1. Preservação Ambiental: um dever de todos eSobre
  2. Roberta Raphaelli Pioli. «A proteção do meio ambiente na Constituição Federal de 1988». Última Instância. Arquivado do original em 2 de junho de 2014 
  3. Solomon, U., A detailed look at the three disciplines, environmental ethics, law and education to determine which plays the most critical role in environmental enhancement and protection. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 2010. 12(6): p. 1069-1080.

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