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Octano

Octano
Alerta sobre risco à saúde
Nome IUPAC octano
Outros nomes n-octano
Identificadores
Número CAS 111-65-9
PubChem 356
ChemSpider 349
Número RTECS RG8400000
SMILES
InChI
1/C8H18/c1-3-5-7-8-6-4-2/h3-8H2,1-2H3
Propriedades
Fórmula molecular C8H18
Massa molar 114,229 g/mol
Aparência líquido incolor
Densidade 0,70 g·cm-3 [1]
Ponto de fusão

-56,8 °C [1]

Ponto de ebulição

126 °C [1]

Solubilidade em água 0,7–2,5 mg·l?1 in Wasser (20 °C) [1]
Solubilidade em éter solúvel
Solubilidade em etanol Miscível
Solubilidade em acetona Miscível
Solubilidade em benzeno Miscível
Solubilidade em água Insolúvel
Pressão de vapor 14 hPa (20 °C) [1]
Índice de refracção (nD) 1,3980[2]
Viscosidade 0.542 cP a 20 °C
Termoquímica
Entalpia padrão
de formação
ΔfHo298
-250 kJ/mol
Entalpia padrão
de combustão
ΔcHo298
-5430 kJ/mol
Riscos associados
Classificação UE Flammable (F)
Harmful (Xn)
Dangerous for
the environment (N)
NFPA 704
3
1
0
 
Frases R R11, R38, R35,
R65, R67
Frases S S2, S9, S16, S29, S33,
S60, S61, S62
Ponto de fulgor 13 °C
Temperatura
de auto-ignição
220 °C
Compostos relacionados
Alcanos relacionados Heptano
2,2,4-Trimetilpentano
Nonano
Decano
Compostos relacionados Octanol
Página de dados suplementares
Estrutura e propriedades n, εr, etc.
Dados termodinâmicos Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas
Dados espectrais UV, IV, RMN, EM
Exceto onde denotado, os dados referem-se a
materiais sob condições normais de temperatura e pressão

Referências e avisos gerais sobre esta caixa.
Alerta sobre risco à saúde.

O octano (ou n-octano), popularmente conhecido como gasolina, é um alcano com a fórmula química C8H18, e tem vários isómeros.

O isómero mais importante é o 2,2,4-trimetilpentano (geralmente chamado isooctano) porque foi selecionado como ponto de referência 100 para a escala de octanagem, na qual o heptano tem o ponto de referência 0.

Alguns isômeros:

Ligações externas

Commons
Commons
O Commons possui imagens e outros ficheiros sobre Octano

Bibliografia

  • PHYSICAL constants of organic compounds. In: LIDE, D. R.; TAYLOR, F. (Ed.). CRC handbook of chemistry and physics. 89th ed. Boca Raton, 2009. Disponível em: <http://www.hbcpnetbase.com/>. Acesso em: 15 set. 2009.

Referências

  1. a b c d e Registo de Octan na Base de Dados de Substâncias GESTIS do IFA, accessado em 17 de Dezembro de 2007
  2. Ullrich Jahn in: Römpp Online - Version 3.5, 2009, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart.
Ícone de esboço Este artigo sobre um composto orgânico é um esboço. Você pode ajudar a Wikipédia expandindo-o.
 
Alcanos

metano
CH4

|
 

etano
C2H6

|
 

propano
C3H8

|
 

butano
C4H10

|
 

pentano
C5H12

|
 

hexano
C6H14

heptano
C7H16

|
 

octano
C8H18

|
 

nonano
C9H20

|
 

decano
C10H22

|
 

undecano
C11H24

|
 

dodecano
C12H26

 

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