Epsilon Crucis

ε Crucis
Dados observacionais (J2000)
Constelação Crux
Asc. reta 12h 21m 21,6s[1]
Declinação -60° 24′ 04,1″[1]
Magnitude aparente 3,59[1]
Características
Tipo espectral K3.5 III[2]
Cor (U-B) 1,63[3]
Cor (B-V) 1,42[3]
Variabilidade Irregular[4]
Astrometria
Velocidade radial −4,6 km/s[1]
Mov. próprio (AR) -171,22 mas/a[5]
Mov. próprio (DEC) 91,80 mas/a[5]
Paralaxe 14,1999 ± 0,1070 mas[5]
Distância 229,7 ± 1,7 anos-luz
70,4 ± 0,5 pc
Magnitude absoluta −0,63 ± 0,09[6]
Detalhes
Massa 1,5 ± 0,2[7] M
Raio 28,41 ± 1,41[8] R
Gravidade superficial log g = 1,61 ± 0,03 cgs[7]
Luminosidade 302+53
−45
[8] L
Temperatura 4294 ± 33[8] K
Metalicidade [Fe/H] = −0,21 ± 0,05[8]
Rotação v sin i = 3,14 ± 0,45 km/s[8]
Idade 2,17 ± 0,73 bilhões[8]
de anos
Outras denominações
Intrometida, CD-59 4221, FK5 2989, HR 4700, HD 107446, HIP 60260, SAO 251862.[1]
Epsilon Crucis

Epsilon Crucis (ε Cru, ε Crucis), também conhecida como Ginan, Intrometida, é a quinta estrela mais brilhante da constelação de Crux,[4] com uma magnitude aparente de 3,59.[1] De acordo com medições de paralaxe pela sonda Gaia, está a cerca de 230 anos-luz (70,4 parsecs) da Terra.[5]

Propriedades

Epsilon Crucis é uma gigante laranja com um tipo espectral de K3.5 III[2] o que significa que já passou pelo estágio de sequência principal e consumiu todo o hidrogênio em seu núcleo. Seu estágio evolucionário exato é incerto, com uma probabilidade calculada de 37% de estar no ramo das gigantes vermelhas e 63% de estar no red clump.[7] Com uma massa estimada em 1,5 vezes a massa do Sol,[7] a estrela expandiu-se para 28,4 vezes o raio solar e está brilhando com 300 vezes sua luminosidade.[8] Sua fotosfera possui uma temperatura efetiva de 4 290 K e está girando com uma velocidade de rotação projetada de 3,1 km/s. Sua idade é incerta, sendo estimada entre 1,4 e 2,9 bilhões de anos.[8]

Esta estrela possui uma metalicidade, a abundância de elementos além de hidrogênio e hélio, um pouco menor que a do Sol, com um abundância de ferro equivalente a 60% da solar. Um estudo analisou as linhas espectrais de 14 elementos e determinou abundâncias próximas da solar para a maioria deles, mas com vanádio sendo quase 4 vezes tão abundante. As características químicas da estrela, junto com sua velocidade espacial, apontam para associação ao disco fino da Via Láctea, composto por estrelas mais jovens e com mais metais do que as do disco espesso.[8]

É também uma estrela variável irregular cuja magnitude varia entre 3,4 e 4,0 com nenhum período conhecido.[4] Não possui estrelas companheiras.[9]

Na cultura

Em 2016, a União Astronômica Internacional organizou um grupo para catalogar e padronizar nomes próprios estelares; em 17 de novembro de 2017, foi aprovado o nome Ginan para esta estrela.[10][11] O nome tem origem na cultura do povo aborígene Wardaman, do norte da Austrália, e faz referência à "bolsa de músicas" na mitologia de criação desse povo.[12]

Epsilon Crucis aparece na bandeira de vários países como uma das estrelas do Cruzeiro do Sul. Na bandeira do Brasil representa o estado do Espírito Santo.[13]

Ver também

Referências

  1. a b c d e f «SIMBAD query result - eps Cru». SIMBAD. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Consultado em 1 de maio de 2014 
  2. a b Keenan, Philip C.; McNeil, Raymond C. (outubro de 1989). «The Perkins catalog of revised MK types for the cooler stars». Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 71: 245-266. Bibcode:1989ApJS...71..245K. doi:10.1086/191373 
  3. a b Johnson, H. L.; et al. (1966). «UBVRIJKL photometry of the bright stars». Communications of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory. 4 (99). Bibcode:1966CoLPL...4...99J 
  4. a b c Kaler, James B. «EPS CRU (Epsilon Crucis)». Stars. Consultado em 1 de maio de 2014 
  5. a b c d Gaia Collaboration: Brown, A. G. A.; Vallenari, A.; Prusti, T.; et al. (maio de 2021). «Gaia Early Data Release 3. Summary of the contents and survey properties». Astronomy & Astrophysics. 649: A1, 20 pp. Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G. arXiv:2012.01533Acessível livremente. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657  Catálogo VizieR
  6. da Silva, L.; et al. (novembro de 2006), «Basic physical parameters of a selected sample of evolved stars», Astronomy and Astrophysics, 458 (2): 609–623, Bibcode:2006A&A...458..609D, arXiv:astro-ph/0608160Acessível livremente, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065105 
  7. a b c d Kallinger, T.; et al. (abril de 2019). «Stellar masses from granulation and oscillations of 23 bright red giants observed by BRITE-Constellation». Astronomy & Astrophysics. 624: A35, 17 pp. Bibcode:2019A&A...624A..35K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834514 
  8. a b c d e f g h i Jofré, E.; et al. (fevereiro de 2015). «Stellar parameters and chemical abundances of 223 evolved stars with and without planets». Astronomy & Astrophysics. 574: A50, 46 pp. Bibcode:2015A&A...574A..50J. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424474 
  9. Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A. A. (setembro de 2008), «A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems», Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 389 (2): 869–879, Bibcode:2008MNRAS.389..869E, arXiv:0806.2878Acessível livremente, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x. 
  10. «IAU Approves 86 New Star Names From Around the World». União Astronômica Internacional. Consultado em 8 de julho de 2019 
  11. «IAU Catalog of Star Names». Working Group on Star Names (WGSN). Consultado em 8 de julho de 2019 
  12. «IAU WGSN». Working Group on Star Names (WGSN). Consultado em 5 de dezembro de 2018 
  13. «Astronomy of the Brazilian Flag». FOTW Flags Of The World website. Consultado em 3 de maio de 2014. Arquivado do original em 28 de junho de 2009 

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