Benedykt X

Benedykt X
Giovanni Mincius
antypapież
Ilustracja
Miejsce urodzenia

Rzym

Data śmierci

po 1073

Miejsce pochówku

Bazylika św. Agnieszki za Murami

Antypapież
Okres sprawowania

1058-1059

Wyznanie

chrześcijaństwo

Kościół

rzymskokatolicki

Pontyfikat

1058

Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Benedykt X (właśc. Giovanni Mincius; ur. w Rzymie zm. po 1073) – antypapież w okresie od 5 kwietnia 1058 do 24 stycznia 1059[1].

Życiorys

Był Rzymianinem; kardynałem-biskupem Velletri od 1057 roku[1]. Po śmierci papieża Stefana IX został antypapieżem dzięki poparciu rodu Tuskulańczyków[2]. Kardynałowie sprzyjający reformie Kościoła nie uznali tego wyboru i obrali w Sienie na papieża Gerarda z Burgundii, który przybrał imię Mikołaj II i uzyskał poparcie cesarza Henryka IV[1]. Mikołaj wygnał z Rzymu Benedykta, który na synodzie w Sutri w 1059 r. został zdetronizowany i obłożony ekskomuniką[2]. Niedługo potem Benedykt został schwytany i uwięziony, a w kwietniu 1060 roku zmuszono go do potwierdzenia swojej detronizacji, pozbawiono go też godności kardynalskiej i biskupiej[1]. Został skazany na przymusowy pobyt w hospicjum św. Agnieszki, gdzie zmarł na początku pontyfikatu Grzegorza VII[1].

Zobacz też

Przypisy

  1. ↑ a b c d e John N. D. Kelly: Encyklopedia papieży. Warszawa: Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1997, s. 210-211. ISBN 83-06-02633-0.
  2. ↑ a b Rudolf Fischer-Wollpert: Leksykon papieży. Kraków: Znak, 1996, s. 73. ISBN 83-7006-437-X.

Bibliografia

  • Rudolf Hüls, Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130, Tybinga 1977, s. 144 nr 4
  • Hans Walter Klewitz, Reformpapsttum und Kardinalkolleg, Darmstadt 1957, s. 33-34
  • Kazimierz Dopierała, Księga papieży, Pallotinum, Poznań 1996, s. 145-146
Antypapieże według Kościoła katolickiego
III wiek
IV wiek
V wiek
VI wiek
VII wiek
VIII wiek
IX wiek
X wiek
XI wiek
XII wiek
XIV wiek
XV wiek
  1. ↑ Celestyn II ostatecznie nie objął urzędu. Od czasów badań Mercatiego zaliczany do antypapieży, jednak we współczesnej historiografii klasyfikacja ta jest kwestionowana i proponuje się określać go jako „papież elekt”

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