Basse-Terre (øy)

Se også Basse-Terre (andre betydninger)
Basse-Terre
Geografi
PlasseringDet karibiske hav
Øygruppe / del avSmå Antiller
Areal 876±0 kvadratkilometer
Lengde 46,1 kilometer
Bredde 27,6 kilometer
Administrasjon
LandFrankrike
Posisjon
Kart
Basse-Terre
16°09′00″N 61°40′00″V
Basse-Terre på Commons
Topografisk kart over Basse-Terre.
Landskap i kommunen Baie Mahault i nordøst.

Basse-Terre (fransk: l'île de Basse-Terre) er en øy i De små Antiller i Det karibiske hav. Det er den største av øyene i det franske oversjøiske departementet Guadeloupe, som sammen med noen mindre omkringliggende øyer utgjør arrondissementet Basse-Terre.[1] Øyen har et areal på 848 km² med cirka 186 000 innbyggere (2006).[2] Guadeloupes administrasjonssenter Basse-Terre, med 12 145 innbyggere[3], ligger sørvest på øyen.

Natur og geografi

Basse-Terre er en av Leewardøyene i De små Antiller, og ligger cirka 600 kilometer nord for Venezuelas kyst og cirka 460 kilometer sørøst for Puerto Rico. Det om lag 6 kilometer lange og smale sundet La Rivière Salée skiller i nordøst Basse-Terre fra Guadeloupes nest største øy Grande-Terre.[4][5] Nord for øyen ligger Guadeloupe-passasjen og i sør Les Saintes-passasjen, med Det karibiske hav i vest.

I likhet med hele øygruppen Guadeloupe, ligger Basse-Terre langs en kjede av vulkaner. Den eneste aktive vulkanen er La Grande Soufrière, som ligger sentralt på den sørlige delen av øyen. La Grande Soufrière er, med sine 1 467 meter, det høyeste punktet i De små Antiller.[2] Vulkanen har hatt åtte utbrudd siden Guadeloupe fikk fransk bosetning i 1635, det seneste fra juli 1976 til mars 1977.[6]

La Grande Soufrière er omgitt av Guadeloupe nasjonalpark, som med et areal på 188 km² omfatter store deler av øyens sentrale innland i sør.[7] Området er dekket av regnskog og har flere elver, fossefall og mineralkilder. Nordøst på øyen ligger et område med sumpskog og mangrover.[8][9]

Referanser

  1. ^ (en) Statoids. Arrondissements of Guadeloupe. Besøkt 14. oktober 2024.
  2. ^ a b (fr) ONF France. Guadeloupe. Besøkt 14. oktober 2024.
  3. ^ (en) Statoids. Communes of Guadeloupe (tall fra 2010). Besøkt 14. oktober 2024.
  4. ^ (fr) Guadeoupe. La Rivière Salée. Besøkt 14. oktober 2024.
  5. ^ (fr) La Rivière Salée. Besøkt 14. oktober 2024.
  6. ^ (en) Landscapes and Landforms of the Lesser Antilles. Springer International Publishing, Tyskland 2017. Side 148.
  7. ^ (fr) Parc nationale de la Guadeloupe (arkivert i Wayback Machine som vist 12. januar 2013). Besøkt 14. oktober 2024.
  8. ^ (en) Esprit parc national. Explore the Guadeloupe National Park…. Besøkt 14. oktober 2024.
  9. ^ (fr) Îlet Caret. Le grand cul-de-sac marin. Besøkt 14. oktober 2024.

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