Kiasan atletik Perjanjian Baru

Balapan Yunani kuno di Pertandingan Panatenaik, diilustrasikan pada sebuah vas Yunani. Seperti Pertandingan Isthmia dari Korintus, Pertandingan Panatenaij masih ada pada zaman gereja perdana.[1]

Perjanjian Baru memakai sejumlah kiasan atletik dalam membahas Kekristenan, khususnya dalam surat-surat Paulus dan Surat-surat kepada orang Ibrani. Kiasan-kiasan semacam itu juga muncu dalam tulisan para filsuf kontemporer, seperti Epictetus dan Philo,[2] menggambarkan tradisi Pertandingan Olimpiade,[3] dan mempengaruhi pemakaian pencitraan tersebut dalam Perjanjian Baru.[4]

Kiasan berlomba "dengan tekun" muncul dalam Ibrani 12:1,[5] dan berkaitan dengan kiasan yang muncul dalam Filipi 2:16,[6] Galatia 2:2,[7] dan Galatia 5:7.[8] Dalam 2 Timotius 4:7, Paulus berkata "Aku telah mengakhiri pertandingan yang baik, aku telah mencapai garis akhir dan aku telah memelihara iman."[9]

Dalam 1 Korintus 9:24–26,[10] yang ditulis kepada kota yang mentuanruami Pertandingan Isthmia,[11] kiasan meliputi lomba lari sampai pertandingan lainnya, seperti tinju,[12] untuk menekankan bahwa memenangkan sebuah penghargaan mengharuskan disiplin, pengendalian diri, dan kegiatan terkoordinasi.[13] Dalam 1 Timotius 2:5[14] poin yang sama dibuat.[15] Kiasan-kiasan atletik juga muncul dalam penulisan Kristen pada masa berikutnya.[16]

Seperti halnya kiasan militer Perjanjian Baru, kiasan-kiasan tersebut muncul dalam banyak himne, seperti Fight the Good Fight with All Thy Might,[17] yang dinyanyikan dalam film Chariots of Fire; dan "Angel Band",[18] yang dinyanyikan dalam film O Brother, Where Art Thou?.

Kiasan atletik Perjanjian Baru dijadikan dorongan terhadap Kekristenan berotot, pada era Viktoria dan masa-masa selanjutnya.[19][20]

Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ Susan Heuck Allen, Finding the walls of Troy: Frank Calvert and Heinrich Schliemann at Hisarlík, University of California Press, 1999, ISBN 0-520-20868-4, p. 39.
  2. ^ Anthony C. Thiselton, The First Epistle to the Corinthians: A commentary on the Greek text, Eerdmans, 2000, ISBN 0-8028-2449-8, p. 713.
  3. ^ David Arthur DeSilva, Perseverance in Gratitude: A socio-rhetorical commentary on the Epistle "to the Hebrews", Eerdmans, 2000, ISBN 0-8028-4188-0, p. 362.
  4. ^ Roman Garrison, The Graeco-Roman Context of Early Christian Literature, Continuum International Publishing Group, 1997, ISBN 1-85075-646-5, p. 104.
  5. ^ Hebrews 12:1, NIV (BibleGateway): "Therefore, since we are surrounded by such a great cloud of witnesses, let us throw off everything that hinders and the sin that so easily entangles, and let us run with perseverance the race marked out for us."
  6. ^ Philippians 2:16, NIV (BibleGateway).
  7. ^ Galatians 2:2, NIV (BibleGateway).
  8. ^ Galatians 5:7, NIV (BibleGateway).
  9. ^ 2 Timothy 4:7, NIV (BibleGateway).
  10. ^ 1 Corinthians 9:24–26, NIV (BibleGateway).
  11. ^ Leland Ryken, Jim Wilhoit, Tremper Longman, Colin Duriez, Douglas Penney, and Daniel G. Reid, Dictionary of Biblical Imagery, InterVarsity Press, 1998, ISBN 0-8308-1451-5, p. 693 (RACE).
  12. ^ John Phillips, Exploring 1 Corinthians: An expository commentary, Kregel Publications, 2002, ISBN 0-8254-3495-5, p. 200.
  13. ^ Jerome H. Neyrey and Bruce J. Malina, Paul, in Other Words: A Culture Reading of His Letters, Westminster John Knox Press, 1990, ISBN 0-664-22159-9, p. 144.
  14. ^ 2 Timothy 2:5, NIV (BibleGateway).
  15. ^ John Norman Davidson Kelly, A Commentary on the Pastoral Epistles: I Timothy, II Timothy, Titus, Part 1, Continuum International Publishing Group, 1963, ISBN 0-7136-1366-1, p. 176.
  16. ^ Jason König, Athletics and Literature in the Roman Empire, Cambridge University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-521-83845-2, p. 133.
  17. ^ The Cyber Hymnal: Fight the Good Fight with All Thy Might[pranala nonaktif permanen]: "Run the straight race through God’s good grace."
  18. ^ The Cyber Hymnal: My Latest Sun Is Sinking Fast[pranala nonaktif permanen]: "My race is nearly run; / My strongest trials now are past, / My triumph is begun."
  19. ^ Richard G. Kyle, Evangelicalism: An Americanized Christianity, Transaction Publishers, 2006, ISBN 0-7658-0324-0, p. 203.
  20. ^ Dane S. Claussen (ed), The Promise Keepers: Essays on masculinity and Christianity, McFarland, 2000, ISBN 0-7864-0700-X, p. 194.

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