Antoine de Saint-Exupéry

Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
FødtAntoine Jean-Baptiste Marie Roger de Saint-Exupéry
29. juni 1900[1][2][3][4]Rediger på Wikidata
Lyon
Død31. juli 1944[2][3][5][6]Rediger på Wikidata (44 år)
Antatt utenfor kysten av Marseille
BeskjeftigelseForfatter, flyver
Utdannet vedLycée Saint-Louis
Villa St. Jean International School (19151917)
Notre Dame de Mongré High School (19141915)
EktefelleConsuelo de Saint-Exupéry (19311944) (avslutningsårsak: ektefelles død, bryllupssted: Nice)[7][8]
FarJean Marc de Saint-Exupéry[9]
MorMarie de Saint-Exupéry[9]
SøskenMarie-Madeleine de Saint Exupéry
Simone de Saint-Exupéry
NasjonalitetFrankrike[3][10]
MorsmålFransk[11]
SpråkFransk
Medlem avSociété des poètes français
Utmerkelser
10 oppføringer
Mort pour la France (1948)
Croix de guerre 1939–1945 (1940)
Offiser av Æreslegionen (1939)[2]
Prix Femina (1931) (for verk: Night Flight)
Grand Prix du roman de l'Académie française (1939)
National Book Award for Nonfiction (1939) (for verk: Sand, vind og stjerner)
Hugo Award for Best Novella (1944) (for verk: Le petit prince)
Ambassadors' Prize (1948) (for verk: Citadelle)[12]
Retro Hugo Award for Best Novella (2019) (for verk: Den lille prinsen)
National Book Award (1939)
Periode1929–1944
SjangerFortelling, poesi, récit
Debuterte1926
Aktive år19261944
Viktige verkNight Flight, Den lille prinsen, Southern Mail, Sand, vind og stjerner, Letter to a hostage, Flight to Arras, Citadelle
Nettstedhttps://www.antoinedesaintexupery.com/
Signatur
Antoine de Saint-Exupérys signatur
Våpenskjold
Antoine de Saint-Exupérys våpenskjold

Antoine de Saint-Exupéry[13] (29. juni 190031. juli 1944) var en fransk aristokrat, forfatter, poet, og flyger. Han mottok flere av Frankrikes fremste litterære priser og fikk også den amerikanske nasjonale bokprisen.[14] han er best husket for sin lange novelle Den lille prinsen (Le Petit Prince) der han særlig viser sin humanistiske filosofi. Den populære barneboka Den lille prinsen, utgitt med forfatterens egne tegninger i 1943, leses også, eller kanskje især, av voksne. Boka har blitt oversatt til ei lang rekke språk, og kom på norsk i Inger Hagerups oversettelse i 1962. Flere av bøkene er utgitt posthumt.

Biografi

Saint-Exupéry var en vellykket kommersiell flyver før den andre verdenskrig, fløy luftpostrutene i Europa, Afrika og Sør-Amerika. Ved utbruddet av krigen gikk han inn det franske flyvåpenet (Armée de l'Air), fløy rekognoseringoppdrag fram til Frankrikes våpenstillstand med Nazi-Tyskland i 1940.

Antoine de Saint-Exupéry

Etter å ha blitt demobilisert fra flyvåpenet, reiste han til USA for å bidra til å overtale den amerikanske regjeringen å gå til krig mot Nazi-Tyskland. Etter 27 måneders opphold i Nord-Amerika, hvor han skrev tre av sine viktigste verker, meldte han seg inn i Forces Aériennes Françaises Libres (FAFL), Det frie franske flyvåpenet i Nord-Afrika, skjønt han var langt over maksimalalderen for slike piloter og med skrantende helse. Saint-Exupérys rekognoseringsfly, et amerikansk F-5B-1-LO, forsvant over Middelhavet under et alliert rekognoseringstokt den 31. juli 1944. Han ble trolig observert av en tysk kompanisjef fra fjelltoppen Tête de Chien overfor Monaco. I år 2000 ble vrakrestene av flyet funnet av dykkere utenfor Marseille.

Før krigen hadde Saint-Exupéry blitt berømt i Frankrike som flyver. Hans litterære verker, blant dem Den lille prinsen, oversatt til over 250 språk og dialekter, fremmet hans omdømme etter hans død til nasjonalhelt i Frankrike.[15][16] Han fikk ytterligere berømmelse med de mange oversettelsene av sine andre tekster. Hans filosofiske memoarer Terre des hommes ble navnet på en betydelig humanitær gruppe, og ble også benyttet for å skape det sentrale temaet (Terre des hommes—Man and His World) for verdensutstillingen Expo 67 i Montréal, Canada.[17]

Bibliografi

Spesialsamlinger og andre utgivelser

  • 1953: Œuvres : Courrier Sud – Vol de nuit – Terre des hommes – Pilote de guerre – Lettre à un otage – Le Petit Prince – Citadelle, fransk ISBN 2070105032
  • 1980: Cahiers Saint-Exupéry (№ 1), fransk ISBN 2070207102
  • 1981: Cahiers Saint-Exupéry (№ 2), fransk ISBN 2070258394
  • 1994: Œuvres complètes, Tome I : Textes de jeunesse. Romans et récits : L'Aviateur – Courrier Sud – Vol de nuit – Terre des hommes. Écrits de circonstance : Articles – Reportages – Préfaces. Écrits personnels : Carnets – Correspondance, fransk ISBN 2070113108
  • 1994: Œuvres complètes, Tome II : Écrits de guerre – Œuvres littéraires : Pilote de guerre, Le Petit Prince – Testament posthume : Citadelle – Écrits personnels : Correspondance privée – Appendice : Saint-Exupéry et le cinéma, fransk ISBN 2070113116
  • 1998: En røst fra århundrets samvittighet – utvalg av Antoine de Saint-Exupérys skrifter, norsk ISBN 9788203178108
  • 1999: Cher Jean Renoir – filmprosjekt lest av Antoine de Saint-Exupéry i 1941, enligt Terre des hommes, fransk ISBN 2070754618
  • 1999: Saint-Exupéry raconte Terre des hommes à Jean Renoir – filmprosjekt lest av Antoine de Saint-Exupéry i 1941 (CD)

Priser (utvalg)

Referanser

  1. ^ Gemeinsame Normdatei, besøkt 9. april 2014[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  2. ^ a b c Léonore database, Léonore Web ID 335290, besøkt 7. mars 2024[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  3. ^ a b c Autorités BnF, BNF-ID 11923342r, besøkt 7. mars 2024[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  4. ^ annuaire prosopographique: la France savante, oppført som Antoine de, Antoine Marie Jean-Baptiste Roger Saint-exupery, CTHS person-ID 102343, besøkt 9. oktober 2017[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  5. ^ Kunstarkivet, abART person-ID 14649, besøkt 1. april 2021[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  6. ^ AlKindi, Diamond Catalog ID for persons and organisations 12150[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  7. ^ www.fondsenligne.archives-lyon.fr[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  8. ^ www.antoinedesaintexupery.com[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  9. ^ a b Genealogics[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  10. ^ RKDartists, RKD kunstner-ID 322628, besøkt 25. juni 2020[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  11. ^ Bibliothèque nationale de France (på fr), Autorités BnF, BNF-ID 11923342r, Wikidata Q19938912, https://data.bnf.fr/ 
  12. ^ Le Monde, «NOUVELLES DU JOUR», verkets språk fransk, utgitt 25. mai 1948, besøkt 29. april 2024[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  13. ^ Hans fødselsattest og andre offentlige franske dokumenter skrives Antoine Jean-Baptiste Marie Roger de Saint Exupéry, uten bindestrek.
  14. ^ «1939 Book Awards Given by Critics: Elgin Groseclose's 'Ararat' is Picked as Work Which Failed to Get Due Recognition», The New York Times, 14. februar 1940, s. 25. via ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851–2007).
  15. ^ Shattuck, Kathryn (3. april 2005): «A Prince Eternal», The New York Times.
  16. ^ Mun-Delsalle, Y-Jean (mars 2011): «Guardians of the Future» Arkivert 2. mai 2012 hos Wayback Machine. (PDF), The Peak Magazine, s. 63.
  17. ^ Berton, Pierre (1967): The Last Good Year. Toronto: Doubleday Canada. ISBN 0-385-25662-0., bokomslag og s. 358–364.

Litteratur

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