Amerika først

Amerika først (engelsk: America First) er en politikk og et slagord i USA. Det var en isolasjonistisk politikk i mellomkrigstida og tatt i bruk på nytt av Donald Trump fra 2015.[1]

"President Trump's Six Months of America First", en video utgitt av Det hvite hus

1914–1941

Bilde av plakat fra America First-kampanjen
Oppslag for et folkemøte arrangert av America First-komiteen i St. Louis i april 1941

America First ble brukt som slagord både av demokratiske og republikanske politikere. Etter at første verdenskrig brøt ut, brukte den demokratiske president Woodrow Wilson America First for å beskrive sin nøytralitetspolitikk. Det samme gjorde journalisten og den seinere avismagnaten William Randolph Hearst.[2] Slagordet ble også brukt av den republikanske senator Warren G. Harding i presidentvalgkampen i 1920, som han gikk seirende ut av.[3]

America First-komiteen (AFC), med Charles Lindbergh som den mest kjente talsperson, var en pressgruppe som førte en kampanje imot at USA skulle involvere seg i andre verdenskrig. Den arbeidet for isolasjonisme og imot at USA skulle involvere seg internasjonalt. Gruppen hadde 800 000 medlemmer i 450 avdelinger og gjorde slagordet America First populært.[4] Mye av gruppens retorikk var antisemittisk og pro-fascistisk, men gruppen hadde en variert medlemsmasse.[5] Gruppen ble oppløst 10. desember 1941, tre dager etter det japanske angrepet på Pearl Harbor.[6]

Den paleokonservative Pat Buchanan, som bl.a. deltok som kandidat ved republikanernes primærvalg i 1992 snakket positivt om America First-komiteen og brukte selv America First som slagord.[7]

Trump

Donald Trump, som hadde møtt Pat Buchanan i Reformpartiets primærvalg i 2000, begynte å bruke Buchanans slagord i 2015.[8]

I begynnelsen av Trump-kampanjen ble Trump markedsført som en nasjonalist som ville sette Amerika først.[9] Kampanjelederen Corey Lewandowski (som seinere ga ut ei bok med tittelen[10]) brukte frasen i kampanjen, og både Sarah Palin[11] og Chris Christie brukte America First i sine støtteerklæringer for Trump. Trump la selv inn slagordet i sine daglige opptredener etter et intervju med David E. Sanger i The New York Times i mars 2016.[12][13]

Trump fulgte i valgkampen opp med at America First ville være et overordnet tema i hans regjering, og han frontet nasjonalisme og isolasjonisme.[14] Etter at Trump ble valgt til president, ble Amerika først en offisiell utenrikspolistisk doktrine fra Donald Trumps regjering. Trump brukte America First i sin innsettelsestale 20. januar 2017. I en meningsmåling fra Politico/Morning Consult sa 65% of amerikanerne at de reagerte positivt på Trumps America First i innsettelsestalen, mens 39% mente talen var dårlig.[15] Slagordene Make America Great Again og America First ble begge brukt i tittelen på Trumpregjeringens forslag til statsbudsjett for 2018. Det refererte til forslaget om å bruke mer på militæret, mer på innenlands sikkerhet og på veteraner og mindre på utgifter utenlands, og den hadde et mål om å oppnå budsjettbalanse i løpet av ti år.[16]

Referanser

  1. ^ Olson, Lynne (2013). Those Angry Days: Roosevelt, Lindbergh, and America's Fight Over World War II, 1939–1941 (på engelsk). Random House Publishing Group. s. 220, 227,234,242, 243. ISBN 978-0-679-60471-6. Arkivert fra originalen 14. juni 2020. Besøkt 23. november 2020. 
  2. ^ Rauchway, Eric (6. mai 2016). «How 'America First' Got Its Nationalistic Edge». The Atlantic. 
  3. ^ Mikelbank, Peter (24. mars 2018). «Sex Scandals and 'America First': Warren G. Harding Was Donald Trump 1.0». The Daily Beast. 
  4. ^ Sarles, Ruth (2003). A Story of America First: The Men and Women Who Opposed U.S. Intervention in World War II. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-275-97512-8. 
  5. ^ Bennett, Brian (20. januar 2017). «'America First,' a phrase with a loaded anti-Semitic and isolationist history». Los Angeles Times. «While the America First Committee attracted a wide array of support, the movement was marred by anti-Semitic and pro-fascist rhetoric.» 
    Dunn, Susan (18. april 2016). «Trump's 'America First' has ugly echoes from U.S. history». CNN. «Seeking to brand itself as a mainstream organization, America First struggled with the problem of the anti-Semitism of some of its leaders and many of its members.» 
    Powers, Richard Gid (1995). Not Without Honor: The History of American AnticommunismGratis registrering kreves. Free Press. s. 167. ISBN 0-684-82427-2. «The America First Committee and Norman Thomas's group tried to maintain their distance from anti-Semites and fascists, but the lunatic fringe of countersubversives was drawn irresistibly to them, wild for the possibility of become part of a powerful mainstream political movement. Gerald L. K. Smith, Elizabeth Dilling, Gerald B. Winrod, William Dudley Pelley, Charles Coughlin, Laura Ingalls, and all of the country's other notorious anti-Semitic anticommunist crackpots joyously raised the temperature of the debate by attacking defense preparations as Jewish inspired and Communist directed.» 
  6. ^ Solly, Meilan (16. mars 2020). «The True History Behind 'The Plot Against America'». Smithsonian Magazine (på engelsk). Besøkt 21. april 2020. «The America First Committee officially disbanded three days after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.» 
  7. ^ Cox, Michael; Durham, Martin (2000). «The Politics of Anger: The Extreme Right in the United States». The Politics of the Extreme Right: From the Margins to the Mainstream. London/New York: Pinter. s. 287. ISBN 1-85567-459-9. 
  8. ^ Trump, Donald J. (10. november 2015). «Ending China's Currency Manipulation». Wall Street Journal. «The American people need an administration that will tell them the truth and a president who will put America first. That’s what I intend to do.» 
  9. ^ «The Elites' Problem with Donald Trump: He's Not For Sale» (pressemelding). World Tribune. 2. juli 2015. Arkivert fra originalen . Besøkt 23. november 2020.  «Arkivert kopi». Arkivert fra originalen 24. juni 2016. Besøkt 23. november 2020. 
  10. ^ Cooper, Elise (8. oktober 2020). «Book Review: Trump: America First». Military Press. 
  11. ^ Blaine, Kyle (19. januar 2016). «So, Uh, Here's The Full Text Of Sarah Palin's Bizarre Trump Speech». BuzzFeed. 
  12. ^ Rothman, Lily (28. mars 2016). «The Long History Behind Donald Trump's 'America First' Foreign Policy». Time. 
  13. ^ Haberman, Maggie; Sanger, David E.; Trump, Donald (26. mars 2016). «Transcript: Donald Trump Expounds on His Foreign Policy Views». The New York Times. 
  14. ^ DelReal, Jose A. (27. april 2016). «Trump, pivoting to the general election, hones 'America First' foreign policy vision». The Washington Post. 
  15. ^ Sherman, Jake (25. januar 2017). «Poll: Voters liked Trump's 'America first' address». Politico. 
    Savransky, Rebecca (25. januar 2017). «Majority of Americans approves of Trump's 'America First' message». The Hill. 
  16. ^ Andrade, Juan Pablo (24. mai 2017). «Trump's budget proposal truly puts America first». The Hill. Arkivert fra originalen 13. mars 2018. Besøkt 23. november 2020. 
Autoritetsdata

Read other articles:

Dominican baseball player Baseball player Salomón TorresTorres throwing a pitch for the PiratesPitcherBorn: (1972-03-11) March 11, 1972 (age 51)San Pedro de Macorís, Dominican RepublicBatted: RightThrew: RightMLB debutAugust 29, 1993, for the San Francisco GiantsLast MLB appearanceSeptember 27, 2008, for the Milwaukee BrewersMLB statisticsWin–loss record44–58Earned run average4.31Strikeouts540KBO statisticsWin–loss record0–2Earned run average20.25S...

 

حزب العمال البريطانى   البلد المملكه المتحده  تاريخ التأسيس 1900  قائد الحزب كير ستارمر (4 ابريل 2020–)  عدد الاعضاء المقر الرئيسى مدينة ويستمينستر  الايديولوجيا اشتراكيه ديموقراطيه  الموقع الرسمى الموقع الرسمى  تعديل  حزب العمال البريطانى هو حزب سياسى ف ب...

 

Markt Platz in Leipzig Pflasterung des Platzes mit Stadtwappen Basisdaten Ort Leipzig Ortsteil Zentrum Angelegt Mittelalter Neugestaltet 1926, 2013 Einmündende Straßen Salzgäßchen, Grimmaische Straße, Petersstraße, Thomasgasse, Barfußgäßchen, Hainstraße, Katharinenstraße Bauwerke Altes Rathaus, Königshaus, Marktgalerie, Kaufhalle, Barthels Hof, Baarmanns Hof, Alte Waage Nutzung Nutzergruppen Autoverkehr, ÖPNV, Rad- und Fußverkehr Technische Daten Platzfläche ca. 1,0 ha Der Mark...

Miss Indonesia 2013Tanggal20 Februari 2013TempatHall D2 Jakarta International Expo, Jakarta, IndonesiaTemaBeauty for The WorldPembawa acaraDaniel ManantaJennifer SumiaJavier JustinOvi DianPengisi acaraNOAHBunga Citra LestariCakra KhanFebri IdolDion IdolYoda Idol3ComposerAva VictoriaPenyiaranRCTIPeserta33Finalis/Semifinalis10PemenangVania Larissa Kalimantan BaratPersahabatanBalgis Novrilia Kalimantan Tengah← 20122014 →lbs Miss Indonesia 2013 adalah kon...

 

Motorsport track in France You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in German. (September 2014) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the German article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated...

 

Alsace First Elsass ZuerstAlsace d'abordPresidenJacques CordonnierDibentuk1989; 33 tahun lalu (1989)Kantor pusatStrasbourg, Alsace, PrancisIdeologiRegionalismeKonservatismeIdentitarianismePosisi politikKanan jauhAfiliasi EropaTidak adaAfiliasi internasionalTidak adaKelompok Parlemen EropaTidak adaWarna    Merah, putih  Coklat (costumary)Majelis Nasional0 / 577Senat0 / 348Parlemen Eropa0 / 74Situs webwww.alsacedabord.orgPolitik Prancis Alsace d'abord (Jerman Alemannik:...

Norwegian politician (1879–1952) Johan NygaardsvoldNygaardsvold in 193421st Prime Minister of NorwayIn office20 March 1935 – 25 June 1945MonarchHaakon VIIPreceded byJohan Ludwig MowinckelSucceeded byEinar GerhardsenPresident of the StortingIn office11 January 1934 – 20 March 1935Prime MinisterJohan Ludwig MowinckelVice PresidentC. J. HambroPreceded byC.J. HambroSucceeded byC. J. HambroParliamentary Leader of the Labour PartyIn office5 March 1932 – 20 March 1...

 

1985 film by Héctor Babenco, based on Manuel Puig’s novel Kiss of the Spider WomanTheatrical release posterDirected byHéctor BabencoScreenplay byLeonard SchraderBased onKiss of the Spider Womanby Manuel PuigProduced byDavid WeismanStarring William Hurt Raul Julia Sônia Braga CinematographyRodolfo SánchezEdited byMauro AliceMusic by Nando Carneiro [pt] John Neschling Wally Badarou Productioncompanies FilmDallas Pictures Sugarloaf Films HB Filmes Distributed by Island Alive (...

 

French politician Jean-Charles PersilCaricature by Honoré Daumier from La Caricature (1833)Born(1785-10-13)13 October 1785Condom, Gers, FranceDied10 July 1870(1870-07-10) (aged 84)Antony, Hauts-de-Seine, France Jean-Charles Persil (13 October 1785 – 10 July 1870) was a French politician. He was Minister of Justice and Religious Affairs (1834–1837) during the July Monarchy, a peer of France (1839) and Councillor of State (1852). Early years Jean-Charles Persil was born in Condom, Ger...

Coordenadas: 41º 54' 0″ N, 12º 29' 12.85″ EEsta página cita fontes, mas que não cobrem todo o conteúdo. Ajude a inserir referências. Conteúdo não verificável pode ser removido.—Encontre fontes: ABW  • CAPES  • Google (N • L • A) (Abril de 2010) Palácio do Quirinal Palácio do QuirinalFachada do Palácio do Quirinal Arquiteto Ottaviano Mascarino, Carlo Maderno e Francesco Borromini Proprietário atual Estado italiano...

 

Pierre Laval, Menteri Luar Negeri Prancis, sekembalinya dari Moskow pada tahun 1935. Perjanjian Bantuan Bersama Prancis-Soviet adalah suatu perjanjian bilateral perjanjian antara Prancis dan Uni Soviet dengan tujuan mengepung Jerman Nazi pada tahun 1935 untuk mengurangi ancaman dari Eropa Tengah. Perjanjian ini berusaha dicapai kesepakatannya oleh Louis Barthou, Menteri Luar Negeri Prancis, tetapi dia dibunuh sebelum negosiasi selesai. Penggantinya, Pierre Laval, skeptis terhadap keuntungan d...

 

iTerm2Tangkapan layar iTerm2 menampilkan beberapa tab, split pane, sorotan pencarian dari ekspresi reguler, dan dukungan UTF-8.PengembangGeorge NachmanRilis stabil3.4.10 / 14 September 2021; 2 tahun lalu (2021-09-14) Repositorigithub.com/gnachman/iTerm2 Sistem operasimacOSJenisEmulator terminalLisensiGPL-2.0-or-laterSitus webwww.iterm2.com iTerm2 adalah emulator terminal untuk macOS yang dilisensikan di bawah GPLv2 atau yang lebih baru. iTerm2 merupakan penerus iTerm dan ditujukan sebaga...

Richard Luton Properties Canberra International 2006, парний розряд Richard Luton Properties Canberra International 2006Переможець Марта Домаховська Роберта ВінчіФіналіст Клер Каррен Ліга ДекмеєреРахунок фіналу 7-65, 6-3Дисципліни одиночний розряд парний розряд ← 2005 · Richard Luton Properties Canberra International · 2007 → ...

 

Richard Strauss, 1938 Japanese Festival Music, Op. 84 (1940), is a composition by Richard Strauss. The full title is Festmusik zur Feier des 2600jährigen Bestehens des Kaiserreichs Japan für großes Orchester (Japanische Festmusik). History The Japanese government commissioned music from composers of six nations to mark the 2600th anniversary of the Japanese Empire. Other composers writing for the festivities included: Hisato Ohzawa who wrote his Symphony no. 3, Symphony of the Founding of ...

 

WWII cemetery in the Netherlands Grebbeberg War CemeteryNetherlands War Graves Foundation [nl]OorlogsgravenstichtingCross of Remembrance at the entranceUsed for those deceased 1940–1945Established20-5-1940Location51°57′21″N 5°36′1″E / 51.95583°N 5.60028°E / 51.95583; 5.60028near Rhenen, Netherlands.Designed byJacobus OudTotal burials850Burials by warWorld War II Grebbeberg War Cemetery (Dutch: Militair Ereveld Grebbeberg) is a ...

Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber: SMA Negeri 1 Sangatta – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri 1 Sangatta Data Sekolah Berdiri: 24 Juni 1997 Provinsi: Kalimantan Timur Alamat Lengkap: Jalan A. Wa...

 

Of the Conduct of the Understanding Title page from the first editionAuthorJohn LockeCountryEnglandLanguageEnglishSubjectEducation and PhilosophyPublisherAwnsham and John ChurchillPublication date1706Part of a series onJohn Locke Social contract Limited government Tabula rasa State of nature Right to property Labor theory of property Lockean proviso Argument from consciousness Works(listed chronologically) Fundamental Constitutionsof Carolina A Letter Concerning Toleration Two Treatises of Go...

 

Armed conflict which ended the rule of Spain in the territory of New Spain Not to be confused with the Mexican Revolution in the early 20th century. Mexican War of IndependencePart of the Spanish American wars of independenceClockwise from top left: Miguel Hidalgo, José María Morelos, Trigarante Army in Mexico City, Mural of independence by O'Gorman, Embrace of Acatempan between Iturbide and GuerreroDate16 September 1810 – 27 September 1821(11 years, 1 week and 4 days)Locat...

Stories of buried treasure on Oak Island, Nova Scotia, Canada Excavation work on Oak Island during the 19th century The Oak Island mystery is a series of stories of buried treasure and unexplained objects found on or near Oak Island in Nova Scotia. Since the 18th century, attempts have been made to find treasure and artifacts. Theories about artifacts present on the island range from pirate treasure to Shakespearean manuscripts to the Holy Grail or the Ark of the Covenant, with the Grail and ...

 

Government minister of Iran (1928–2011) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Dariush Homayoon – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Dariush HomayounMinister of Information and TourismIn office7 August 1977 – 16 S...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!