Johann Friedrich Herbart

Johann Friedrich Herbart

Johann Friedrich Herbart (Oldenburg (Nedersaksen), 4 mei 1776 – Göttingen, 11 augustus 1841) was een Duitse filosoof, psycholoog en pedagoog. Hij wordt beschouwd als een van de grondleggers van de pedagogiek als academische discipline.

Levensloop

Hij was een student van Fichte op de universiteit van Jena. Zelf gaf hij rond 1805 zijn eerste filosofische colleges aan de universiteit van Göttingen. In 1809 verhuisde hij naar Koningsbergen om daar de voormalige leerstoel van Kant te bezetten. Hij stichtte er een school voor pedagogisch onderwijs. In 1833 keerde hij terug naar Göttingen, waar hij professor in de filosofie bleef tot aan zijn dood in 1841.

Bibliografie

Herbarts werken zijn verzameld en gepubliceerd door zijn leerling G. Hartenstein (Leipzig, 1850-1852). Zijn belangrijkste boeken zijn:

  • Allgemeine Pädagogik (1806)
  • Hauptpunkte der Metaphysik (1808)
  • Allgemeine praktische Philosophie (1808)
  • Lehrbuch zur Einleitung in die Philosophie (1813/1997)
  • Lehrbuch der Psychologie (1816)
  • Psychologie als Wissenschaft (1824-1825)
  • Allgemeine Metaphysik (1828-1829)
  • Encyklopädie der Philosophie (2e editie, 1841)
  • Umriss pädagogischer Vorlesungen (2e editie, 1841)
  • Psychologische Untersuchungen (1839-1840).

Over het werk van Herbart is in het verleden veel geschreven. Vermeldenswaard zijn onder andere:

  • H.A. Fechner, Zur Kritik der Grundlagen von Herbarts Metaphysik (Leipzig, 1853)
  • Julius Kaftan, Sollen und Sein in ihrem Verhältnis zueinander: eine Studie zur Kritik Herbarts (Leipzig, 1872)
  • M. W. Drobisch, Über die Fortbildung der Philosophie durch Herbart (Leipzig, 1876)
  • K.S. Just, Die Fortbildung der Kantschen Ethik durch Herbart (Eisenach, 1876)
  • Christian Ufer, Vorschule der Pädagogik Herbarts (1883; Eng. tr. by JC Zinser, 1895)
  • G. Közie, Die pädagogische Schule Herbarts und ihre Lehre (Gutersloh, 1889)
  • L. Strümpell, Das System der Pädagogik Herbarts (Leipzig, 1894)
  • J. Christinger, Herbarts Erziehungslehre und ihre Fortbildner (Zürich, 1895)
  • O.H. Lang, Outline of Herbarts Pedagogics (1894)
  • H.M. and E. Felkin, Introduction to Herbart's Science and Practice of Education (1895)
  • C. de Garmo, Herbart and the Herbartians (New York, 1895)
  • E. Wagner, Die Praxis der Herbartianer (Langensalza, 1897) and Vollständige Darstellung der Lehre Herbarts (ib., 899)
  • J. Adams, The Herbartian Psychology applied to Education (1897)
  • F.H. Hayward, The Student's Herbart (1902), The Critics of Herbartianism (1903), Three Historical Educators: Pestalozzi, Frobel, Herbart (1905), The Secret of Herbart (1907), The Meaning of Education as interpreted by Herbart (1907)
  • W. Künkel, J. F. Herbart: sein Leben und seine Philosophie (1903)
  • A. Darroch, Herbart and the Herbartian Theory of Education (1903)
  • C. I. Dodd, Introduction to the Herbartian Principles of Teaching (1904)
  • J. Davidson, A new Interpretation of Herbarts Psychology and Educational Theory through the Philosophy of Leibnitz (1906)
  • J.M. Baldwin, Dictionary of Psychology and Philosophy (1901-1905).

Literatuur

  • Wilna Meijer, Johann Friedrich Herbart (1776-1841) - Onderwijspedagoog in verlichtingstijd. In: Tom Kroon en Bas Levering (red.), Grote pedagogen in klein bestek. Amsterdam, SWP, 2019, 5e druk, pp. 69-74.
Zie de categorie Johann Friedrich Herbart van Wikimedia Commons voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.

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