IJzer(II)chloride

IJzer(II)chloride
Structuurformule en molecuulmodel
Kristalstructuur van ijzer(II)chloride
Kristalstructuur van ijzer(II)chloride
Algemeen
Molecuul­formule FeCl2
IUPAC-naam ijzer(II)chloride
Andere namen ijzerdichloride
Molmassa 126,75 g/mol
SMILES
Cl[Fe]Cl
CAS-nummer 7758-94-3
EG-nummer 231-843-4
PubChem 24458
Wikidata Q407867
Waarschuwingen en veiligheids­maatregelen
CorrosiefSchadelijk
Gevaar
H-zinnen H302 - H314
EUH-zinnen geen
P-zinnen P280 - P305+P351+P338 - P310
Fysische eigenschappen
Aggregatie­toestand vast
Kleur kleurloos
Dichtheid (watervrij) 3,16 g/cm3
(dihydraat) 2,30 g/cm3
(tetrahydraat) 1,39 g/cm³
Smeltpunt (watervrij) 677 °C
(dihydraat) 120 °C
(tetrahydraat) 105 °C
Kookpunt (watervrij) 1023 °C
Oplosbaarheid in water (bij 10°C) 644 g/L
(bij 20°C) 685 g/L
(bij 100°C) 1057 g/L
Goed oplosbaar in water, tetrahydrofuran
Tenzij anders vermeld zijn standaardomstandigheden gebruikt (298,15 K of 25 °C, 1 bar).
Portaal  Portaalicoon   Scheikunde

IJzer(II)chloride is een zout van ijzer en chloor, met als brutoformule FeCl2. Naast het bijna kleurloze, watervrije ijzer(II)chloride, zijn het dihydraat en het flets groene tetrahydraat bekend. Oplossingen van ijzer(II)chloride in water hebben een gele kleur.

In de natuur komt het hydraat van ijzer(II)chloride voor als het mineraal rokühniet.

Synthese

Gehydrateerde vormen van ijzer(II)chloride worden op grote schaal gemaakt door ijzerafval afkomstig van staalproductie te behandelen met waterstofchloride. Hierbij ontstaat tevens waterstofgas:

Watervrij ijzer(II)chloride kan in het laboratorium bereid worden door ijzerpoeder in methanol te laten reageren met waterstofchloride. De oplossing die hierbij ontstaat, wordt door verhitting omgezet tot het zuivere ijzer(II)chloride.

Gebruik

IJzer(II)chloride is in de praktijk een niet veel gebruikte stof. IJzer(II)sulfaat en ijzer(III)chloride worden vaker toegepast. Bij de zuivering van water wordt het ijzer(II)chloride ingezet als reducerend flocculatiemiddel, met name als zich chromaten of fosfaten in het afvalwater bevinden. Het wordt gebruikt als uitgangsmateriaal bij de productie van magnetische pigmenten. In het laboratorium wordt het gebruikt als uitgangsstof voor de synthese van ijzercomplexen, zoals bijvoorbeeld ferroceen. Ook wordt het toegepast als reductiemiddel in de organische chemie.

Zie ook

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