Kālija hlorīds

Kālija hlorīds

Kālija hlorīda kristālrežģis

Kālija hlorīda kristāli
CAS numurs 7447-40-7
Ķīmiskā formula KCl
Molmasa 74,55 g/mol
Blīvums 1987 kg/m3
Kušanas temperatūra 1049 K (776 °C)
Viršanas temperatūra 1770 K (1500 °C)
Šķīdība ūdenī 28,1 g/100 ml (0 °C)
34,4 g/100 ml (20 °C)
56,7 g/100 ml (100 °C)

Kālija hlorīds (KCl) ir balta kristāliska viela, kas šķīst ūdenī. Tehniskais kālija hlorīds dzelzs sāļu piemaisījumu dēļ mēdz būt sarkanīgs.

Atrašanās dabā

KCl ir sastopams dabā tīrā veidā minerālos silvīnā un karnalītā, vai arī maisījumā ar nātrija hlorīdu (silvinīts).

Iegūšana

Laboratorijas apstākļos tīru kālija hlorīdu iegūst, reaģējot kālija hidroksīdam ar sālsskābi:

KOH + HCl → KCl + H2O

Rūpnieciski kālija hlorīdu iegūst no silvinīta.

Izmantošana

Kālija hlorīds ir galvenā kālija savienojumu rūpnieciskā izejviela. Kālija hlorīdu dažreiz lieto par minerālmēslojumu, lai arī tas nav sevišķi piemērots augiem, jo satur hlorīdjonu. Tas ir vislētākais kālija sāls.

Izmanto kā piedevu pie vārāmā sāls (pārtikas piedeva E508).

Vikikrātuvē par šo tēmu ir pieejami multivides faili. Skatīt: Kālija hlorīds
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