Victor fuit in certamine Baccho dedicato apud Dionysia duodevicies, ab anno 469, in Lenaeiis quoque aliquoties. Aristoteles in libro de Poetica dicit Sophoclem tertium histrionem et scaenas pictas in artem scaenicam introduxisse (Poet. 1449a); dicit etiam Euripidem homines ut sint, Sophoclem ut debeant esse depingere (Poet. 1460b).
Vita
Editores antiqui vitam anonymam[2] poetae operibus praeposuerunt per quam multa aliter ignota nobis tradideruntː non semper fide digna est sed nonnumquam vetustioribus fontibus confirmatur. Nobili loco natus filius erat Sophilli, hominis divitis qui armorum officinam gerebat. Musicae apud Lamprum magistrum studuit. Duas uxores habuit alteram legitimam Nicostraten quae inter alios ei peperit Iophonem qui et ipse tragoedias composuit[3], et illegitimam alteram Theorim e Sicyone quae Aristonem peperit cuius filius Sophocles Minor tragicus poeta satis notus fuit et post avi mortem Oedipum Coloneum docuit. Ultimos Sophoclis annos Iophonis zelotypia aliquantulum turbavit si quid veri in fabula Sophoclis a liberis senilis dementiae apud iudices arcessiti esse aestimemus[4].
Comis[5] et facilis aditus erat ita ut multas amicitias sibi paraverit[6], in primis Herodoti et Periclis. Illae potentium virorum amicitiae et populi favor magis quam animus ad rem politicam aut militarem pronus illum ad varia munera suscipienda impulerunt. Anno 443 unus e collegio "hellenotamiarum" erat, hoc est illorum magistratuum qui aerarium sociorum Delii foederis administrabant. Anno 441 una cum Pericle strategus (hoc est exercitus dux) expeditioni adversus Samios interfuit[7]. Deinde post cladem in Sicilia acceptam unus e decem probulis electus est, quibus in periculosis angustiis mandatum erat ut de summa re decernerent. Ita saluti patriae aliquid conferre potuit, simul tamen et rebus novis oligarchicis quadingentorum manus dedit[8].
Vitam beatam usque ad mortem egisse dicebatur quod poeta comicus Phrynichus in Musis (405 a.C.n.) ita testaturː
Pietatis communis particeps erat nec sapientia carebat. Nam cuidam eum iam senem an Veneris voluptatibus adhuc frueretur interroganti respondisse dicitur nimis felicem nunc esse qui domino tam saevo et superbo liberatus esset[10].
Quamquam plus quam 120 fabulas scripsit, septem modo ad nos devenerunt. Annos scimus quando Philoctetes et Oedipus Coloneus in scaena paruerunt; de aliis fabulis disputatur. Illae septem tragoediae a scholarum magistris secundo saeculo p.C. selectae sunt quae in scholis legerentur et ceterae oblivione obrutae sunt. Idem Aeschylo et Euripidi circa idem tempus accidit. Byzantinae scholae deinde e septem tantum tres retinueruntː Aiax, Electra, Oedipus rex.
Adams, Sinclair. 1957. Sophocles, the Playwright. Toronti: University of Toronto Press.
Ahl, Frederick. 1991. Sophocles’ Oedipus: Evidence and Self-Conviction. Ithacae: Cornell University Press. ISBN 0801499291.
Bernidaki-Aldous, Eleftheria A. 1990. Blindness in a Culture of Light: Especially the Case of Oedipus at Colonus of Sophocles. Novi Eboraci: Peter Lang. ISBN 0-8204-1024-1.
Blundell, Mary Whitlock. 1989. Helping Friends and Harming Enemies: A Study in Sophocles and Greek Ethics. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521351162.
Bowman, Laurel. 1994Knowledge and Prophecy in Sophocles. Dissertatio, University of California at Los Angeles.
Bowra, C. M. 1994. Sophoclean Tragedy. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.
Budelmann, Felix. 2000The Language of Sophocles: Communality, Communication, and Involvement. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521660408.
Burian, Peter. 1971. Suppliant Drama: Studies in the Form and Interpretation of Five Greek Tragedies. Dissertatio, Princeton.
Burton, R. W. B. 1980. The Chorus in Sophocles’ Tragedies. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.
Bushnell, R. W. 1988. Prophesying Tragedy: Sign and Voice in Sophocles’ Theban Plays. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Dawe, R. D. 1973. Studies on the Text of Sophocles. Leiden: Brill.
Dawe, R. D. 1996. Sophocles: the Classical Heritage. Novi Eboraci.
Ditmars, Elizabeth Van Nes. 1992Sophocles’ Antigone: Lyric Shape and Meaning. Pisis.
Edmunds, Lowell. 1996. Theatrical Space and Historical Place in Sophocles’ Oedipus at Colonus. Londinii.
Gardiner, Cynthia P. 1987. The Sophoclean Chorus: a Study of Character and Function. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press.
Goldhill, Simon. 1986, Reading Greek Tragedy. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press.
Goldhill, Simon. 2012. Sophocles and the Language of Tragedy. Cantabridgiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-979627-4.
Grene, David. 1967. Reality and the Heroic Pattern: Last Plays of Ibsen, Shakespeare, and Sophocles. Sicagi.
Kaimio, Maarit. 1970. The Chorus of Greek Drama within the Light of the Person and Number Used. Helsinki: Societas Scientiarum Fennica.
Kirkwood, G. M. 1994. A Study of Sophoclean Drama, editio altera. Ithacae: Cornell University Press.
Kitto, H. D. F. 1958. Sophocles: Dramatist and Philosopher. Londini.
Knox, B. M. W. 1964. The Heroic Temper: Studies in Sophoclean Tragedy. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Linforth, I. 1951. Religion and Drama in Oedipus at Colonus.University of California Publications in Classical Philology 14.4, 75-192. Berkeley; re-editio Novi Eboraci, 1971.
Long, A. A. 1968. Language and Thought in Sophocles. Londinii.
Markantonatos, Andreas. 2002. Tragic Narrative A Narratological Study of Sophocles' Oedipus at Colonus. Berolini: De Bruyter. ISBN 3-11-017401-4.
Mills, Sophie. 1997. Theseus, Tragedy and the Athenian Empire. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.
Moorhouse, A. C. 1982. The Syntax of Sophocles. Mnemosyne Supplement 75. Leiden: Brill.
Musurillo, Herbert. 1967. The Light and the Darkness: Studies in the Dramatic Poetry of Sophocles. Leiden.
Ormand, Kirk. 1999. Exchange and the Maiden: Marriage in Sophoclean Tragedy. Austin: University of Texas press.
Pohlsander, H. A. 1964. Metrical Studies in the Lyrics of Sophocles. Leiden.
Schein, Seth L. 1979. The Iambic Trimeter in Aeschylus and Sophocles: A Study in Metrical Form.Columbia Studies in the Classical Tradition, no. 6. Leiden.
Scott, W. L. 1996. Musical Design in Sophoclean Theatre. Hanover, NH: Dartmouth University Press/University Press of New England
Seale, David. 1982. Vision and Stagecraft in Sophocles. Londinii.
Segal, Charles P. 1981. Tragedy and Civilization: An Interpretation of Sophocles. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Sullivan, Shirley Darcus. 1999. Sophocles’ Use of Psychological Terminology: Old and New. Richmond, Ontario.
Thompson, E. M., et Richard C. Jebb. 1885. Facsimile of the Laurentian Manuscript of Sophocles. Londinii.
Travis, Roger. 1999. Allegory and the Tragic Chorus in Sophocles’ Oedipus at Colonus. Lanham Terrae Mariae.
Turyn, A. 1992. "Studies in the Manuscript Tradition of the Texts of Sophocles." Illinois Studies in Language and Literature, tom. 36, fasc. 1-2. Urbana.
Machin, Albert. 1981. Cohérence et continuité dans le théâtre de Sophocle. Haute-Ville, Quebeci.
Méautis, G. 1940. L’Oedipe à Colone et le cult des héros. Neuchâtel: Université de Neuchâtel Recueil de travaux publiés par la Faculté des Lettres, fasc. 19.
Méautis, G. 1957. Sophocle: Essai sur le héros tragique. Lutetiae.
Errandonea, I. 1970. Sofocles y la personalidad de sus coros: estudio de dramatica constructiva. Matriti.
Lingua Theodisca
Coray, Marina. 1993. Wissen und Erkennen bei Sophokles. Basel.
Lesky, A. 1964. Die tragische Dichtung der Hellenen. Göttingen.
Müller, Carl Werner. 1984. Zur Datierung des sophokleischen Ödipus. Wiesbaden: Abh. Ak. Mainz, Geistes- und Sozialwiss. Klass 5.
Reinhardt, Karl. 1933. Sophokles. Frankfurt am Main.
Reitze, Bastian. 2017. Der Chor in den Tragödien des Sophokles. Person, Reflexion, Dramaturgie. (Drama: Studien zum antiken Drama and zu seiner Rezeption, neue Serie 20). Tübingen: Narr Francke Attempo. Recensio critica
Thomamüller, Klaus. 1965. Die aiolischen und daktyloepitritischen Maße in den Dramen des Sophokles. Dissertatio, Hamburg.