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Iosephus Haydn, vulgo Joseph Haydn,^[1] in vico Rohrau natus die 31 Martii^[2] 1732, Vindobonae mortuus 31 Maii 1809, fuit compositor Austriacus,^[3] ex fecundissimis praestantissimisque musicis Aetatis Classicae. "Pater symphoniae" et "pater quadricinii fidium" appellatur ob industriam ingeniumque, quod eis generibus musicis contulit. Utilissimus praeterea fuit in evolutione tricinii clavilistici^? et formae sonatae.^[4]^[5]

Haydn, qui per vitam omnem in Austria habitavit, multum sui cursús musici in curia Domús Esterházyanae in praedio remoto degit. Ab aliis compositoribus et progressu musico usque ad ultimam vitae partem distans Haydn, ut ipse dixit, est "proprius fieri compulsus."^[6] Tempore mortis suae fuit unus ex illustrissimis compositoribus Europae.

Iosephus Haydn fuit frater Michaelis Haydn, compositoris etiam latissime laudati, et Ioannis Evangelistae Haydn tenoris. Fuit praeterea amicissimus Wolfgangi Amadei Mozart et doctor Ludovici van Beethoven.

Vita

Iosephus Haydn natus est in Rohrau, vico in Austria prope finem Hungariae sito. Pater fuit Mathias Haydn, faber qui rotas fecit, qui etiam munere Marktrichter (praefecti vici simili) perfunctus est. Mater Maria, nata Koller, olim coqua laboraverat in palatio Comitis Harrach, praesidentis patricii Rohrauani. Nec pater nec mater musicam legere potuerunt^[7] ; Mathias autem fuit fanaticus musicus popularis, qui se iam opificem harpa psallere docuerat. Secundum recordationes compositoris familia familiaresque fuerant musici peritissimi, qui omnes una cum vicinis saepe cecinerant.^[8]

Nexus interni

Haydn circa annum 1770 (Imago a Ludovico Guttenbrunn annis 1791–1792 picta)

Nomen subscriptum ipsius Haydn in opere musico. Lingua Italica scribit, qua in suo cursu musico saepe usus est: di me giuseppe Haydn 'a me Iosepho Haydn'.

Notae

↑ Quamquam aliquando appellatur "Franz Joseph Haydn", hoc nomen non adhibebatur compositore vivo et ab eruditis hodie vitatur (James Webster, "Haydn, Joseph," Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy, https://web.archive.org/web/20080516041031/http://www.grovemusic.com/). Vide etiam nomen Haydn.
↑ Dies incertus, nam Haydn ipse amicis dicebat se hoc die natum esse (Geiringer 1982:9; Jones 1810:8), sed nonnulli cognati Kalendas Apriles, diem baptismi eius, dicebant. Illo enim tempore documenta publica non diem natalem sed diem baptismi perscribebant (Wyn Jones 2009:2–3).
↑ Webster et Feder 2001.
↑ Rosen 1997, pp. 43–54.
↑ Smallman, Basil (1992). The Piano Trio: Its History, Technique, and Repertoire. Oxford University Press. pp. 16–19. ISBN 0-19-318307-2 .
↑ Sic ad Georgium Augustum Griesinger amicum et biographum dixit (Griesinger 1963:17).
↑ Sic dixit Haydn in suo commentario autobiographico anni 1776.
↑ Dies 1963, pp. 80–81

Bibliographia

De vita

Dies, Albert Christoph. 1963. Biographical Accounts of Joseph Haydn. In Haydn: Two Contemporary Portraits. Ed. et conversus Vernon Gotwals. Milwaukee: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 0-299-02791-0.
Finscher, Ludwig (2000). Joseph Haydn und seine Zeit. Laaber: Laaber-Verlag. ISBN 3-921518-94-6 (Theodisce)
Geiringer, Karl; Geiringer, Irene (1982). Haydn: A Creative Life in Music (3a ed.). University of California. ISBN 0-520-04316-2 . Prima editio 1946 Carolo Geiringer auctore solo.
Griesinger, Georg August (1963). "Biographical Notes Concerning Joseph Haydn". In Gotwals, Vernon, translator and editor. Haydn: Two Contemporary Portraits. Milwaukee: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 0-299-02791-0 . Ex Theodisco Biographische Notizen über Joseph Haydn (Leipzig, 1810) conversus.
Hadden, James Cuthbert (2010). Haydn (Reissue ed.). Londinii: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 1-108-01987-0
Hughes, Rosemary (1970). Haydn (Retractatus ed.). Novi Eboraci: Farrar Strauss and Giroux. ISBN 0-460-02281-4 . Prima editio 1950.
Jones, David Wyn. 2009a. The Life of Haydn. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. (Praecipue de biographia, contra opera musica).
Jones, David Wyn. 2009b. Oxford Composer Companions: Haydn. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.
Landon, H. C. Robbins (1976–1980). Haydn: Chronicle and Works. Bloomington, Indianae: Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-37003-5
Landon, H. C. Robbins; Jones, David Wyn (1988). Haydn: His Life and Music. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-37265-9
Lanza, A. 1999. Haydn.
Lanza, A., ed. 2001. Haydn: due ritratti e un diario.
Larsen, Jens Peter (1980). Joseph Haydn .
Marnat, Marcel. 1996. Joseph Haydn: la mesure de son siècle. Lutetiae: Fayard. ISBN 2-213-59554-2
Webster, James; Feder, Georg (2001). Joseph Haydn .

Iudicium et explicatio

Brendel, Alfred. 2001. "Does classical music have to be entirely serious?" In Isaiah Berlin: A Celebration, ed. Edna Margalit et Avishai Margalit, 193–204. Sicagi: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-84096-4.
Celestini, Federico (2010). "Aspekte des Erhabenen in Haydns Spätwerk". In Celestini, Federico; Dorschel, Andreas. Arbeit am Kanon. Vindobonae: Universal Edition. pp. 16–41. ISBN 978-3-7024-6967-2
Clark, Caryl, ed. (2005). The Cambridge Companion to Haydn. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-83347-7
Griffiths, Paul (1983). The String Quartet. Novi Eboraci: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-01311-X
Hughes, Rosemary (1966). Haydn String Quartets. Londinii: BBC
Rosen, Charles (1997). The classical style: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven (2s ed.). Novi Eboraci: Norton. ISBN 0-393-31712-9
Sisman, Elaine. 1993. Haydn and the classical variation. Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-38315-X.
Sutcliffe, W. Dean (1989). "Haydn's Musical Personality". The Musical Times 130 (1756): 341–344
Sutcliffe, W. Dean (1992). Haydn, string quartets, op. 50. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-39103-2
Webster, James (1991). Haydn's "Farewell" symphony and the idea of classical style: through-composition and cyclic integration in his instrumental music. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-38520-2