원시 시나이 문자

원시 시나이 문자
유형 아브자드
표기 언어 북서셈어
사용 시기 18 ~ 기원전 15세기
계통 이집트 상형문자
 원시 시나이 문자
후계 문자 우가리트 문자, 원시 가나안 문자

원시 시나이 문자시나이반도세라비트 엘 카딤(Serabit el-Khadim; سرابت الخادم; Sarābīṭ l-ḫādim)에서 발견된 청동기 시대 중기(기원전 2000년 ~ 기원전 1500년)의 연대로 추정되는 소수의 각문에 사용되고 있는 문자를 가리킨다. 기록된 언어는 셈어파에 속하는 북서셈어의 초기 형태로 페니키아어, 히브리어 등 가나안어군 여러 언어의 조상이다.

가장 오래된 원시 시나이 문자 각문은 기원전 19세기 ~ 16세기 사이의 기록으로 추정된다. 고고학계의 주된 논의는 빠르면 이 문자가 나타난 시점이 기원전 1850년경이나 늦으면 기원전 1550년경인가로 이야기된다. 두 시기를 어떻게 취하는에 따라 원시 시나이 문자와 원시 가나안 문자의 어느 쪽이 더 오래되었는지 귀결되며, 음소 문자이집트팔레스타인의 어느 쪽에서 태어났는지가 결정된다[1]. 청동기 시대의 원시 시나이 문자 및 각종의 원시 가나안 문자의 각문 자료는 소량의 것 밖에는 존재하지 않는다. 청동기 시대가 붕괴하여 레반트 지방에서 새로운 샘계의 왕조가 발흥하고, 처음으로 철기 시대페니키아 문자의 직접 조상인 원시 가나안 문자(비블로스 각문)가 나타났다[2].

이른바 원시 시나이 문자는 1904년에서 1905년 사이의 겨울에 시나이반도에서 Flinders Petrie 부부가 발견했다. 기원전 17세기부터 15세기의 것으로 여겨지는 다양한 짧은 원시 가나안 문자 각문이 가나안에서 발견됐다. 1999년에 en:John Darnellen:Deborah Darnell가 중부 이집트에서 이른바 Wadi el-Hol script를 발견했다. 기원전 19세기에서 기원전 18세기 무렵의 것으로 추정된다[3][4].

파생 문자

원시 시나이 문자에서 생겨난 문자는 다음과 같다.

같이 보기

각주

  1. Simons (2011) p.24
  2. Coulmas (1989) p. 141
  3. "The two latest discoveries, those found in the Wadi el-Hol, north of Luxor, in Egypt’s western desert, can be dated with rather more certainty than the others and offer compelling evidence that the early date [1850 BC] is the more likely of the two." (Simons 2011:24).
  4. Goldwasser, Orly (Mar–Apr 2010). “How the Alphabet Was Born from Hieroglyphs”. 《Biblical Archaeology Review》 (Washington, DC: Biblical Archaeology Society) 36 (1). ISSN 0098-9444. 2016년 6월 30일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2011년 11월 6일에 확인함. 

Read other articles:

بيلي كاسبر   معلومات شخصية اسم الولادة (بالإنجليزية: William Earl Casper Jr.)‏  الميلاد 24 يونيو 1931[1]  سان دييغو  الوفاة 7 فبراير 2015 (83 سنة)   سبرينغفيل[1]  سبب الوفاة ذات الرئة  مواطنة الولايات المتحدة  الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم جامعة نوتر دام  المهنة لاعب

 

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