수산화 리튬

수산화 리튬
Lithium hydroxide

    Li+          O2−         H+
Lithium-hydroxide.jpg
이름
IUPAC 이름
Lithium hydroxide
식별자
3D 모델 (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.013.804
68415
RTECS 번호
  • OJ6307070
UNII
UN 번호 2680
  • InChI=1S/Li.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1 예
    Key: WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 예
  • InChI=1/Li.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
    Key: WMFOQBRAJBCJND-REWHXWOFAT
  • [Li+].[OH-]
성질
LiOH
몰 질량
  • 23.95 g/mol (anhydrous)
  • 41.96 g/mol (monohydrate)
겉보기
냄새 none
밀도
  • 1.46 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
  • 1.51 g/cm3 (monohydrate)
녹는점 462 °C (864 °F; 735 K)
끓는점 924 °C (1,695 °F; 1,197 K) decomposes
  • (anhydrous:)
  • 12.7 g/100 mL (0 °C)
  • 12.8 g/100 mL (20 °C)
  • 17.5 g/100 mL (100 °C)

  • (monohydrate:)
  • 22.3 g/100 mL (10 °C)
  • 26.8 g/100 mL (80 °C)[1]
methanol에서의 용해도
  • 9.76 g/100 g (anhydrous; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing)

  • 13.69 g/100 g (monohydrate; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing)[2]
ethanol에서의 용해도
  • 2.36 g/100 g (anhydrous; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing)

  • 2.18 g/100 g (monohydrate; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing)[2]
isopropanol에서의 용해도
  • 0 g/100 g (anhydrous; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing)

  • 0.11 g/100 g (monohydrate; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing)[2]
염기도 (pKb) −0.04[3]
짝염기 Lithium monoxide anion
−12.3·10−6 cm3/mol
  • 1.464 (anhydrous)

  • 1.460 (monohydrate)
열화학
2.071 J/g⋅K
−20.36 kJ/g
위험
주요 위험 Corrosive
물질 안전 보건 자료 “ICSC 0913”. 
“ICSC 0914”.  (monohydrate)
NFPA 704 (파이어 다이아몬드)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondFlammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterHealth code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasReactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
0
3
0
인화점 Non-flammable
반수 치사량 또는 반수 치사농도 (LD, LC):
210 mg/kg (oral, rat)[4]
관련 화합물
다른 음이온
Lithium amide
다른 양이온
Sodium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide
Rubidium hydroxide
Caesium hydroxide
관련 화합물
Lithium oxide
달리 명시된 경우를 제외하면, 표준상태(25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa)에서 물질의 정보가 제공됨.
아니오아니오 확인 (관련 정보 예아니오아니오 ?)

수산화리튬(lithium hydroxide)은 화학식이 LiOH인 리튬수산화물이다. 흰색 고체이다. 물에 녹는다.

용도와 제조법

수산화리튬은 탄산리튬과 함께 리튬이차전지의 필수 소재이다. 탄산리튬이 노트북과 휴대폰용 배터리에 자주 사용되는 반면, 수산화리튬은 고성능 전기차 배터리에 사용된다. 고용량 전기차 배터리용으로 주로 사용되는 이유는 배터리 용량을 키우는 니켈과 합성하기 쉽기 때문이다. 리튬광석에서 추출하거나 폐 이차전지에서 수거한 인산리튬을 전환농축해서 만든다.

각주

  1. Lide, David R., 편집. (2006). 《CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics》 87판. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3. 
  2. Khosravi, Javad (2007). 《Production of Lithium Peroxide and Lithium Oxide in an Alcohol Medium》. Chapter 9: Results. ISBN 978-0-494-38597-5. 
  3. Popov K, Lajunen LH, Popov A, Rönkkömäki H, Hannu-Kuure H, Vendilo A (2002). 7Li, 23Na, 39K and 133Cs NMR comparative equilibrium study of alkali metal cation hydroxide complexes in aqueous solutions. First numerical value for CsOH formation”. 《Inorganic Chemistry Communications》 5 (3): 223–225. 21 January 2017에 확인함. 
  4. Chambers, Michael. “ChemIDplus – 1310-65-2 – WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M – Lithium hydroxide anhydrous – Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information”. 《chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov》. 2018년 4월 12일에 확인함. 

외부 링크

  • 위키미디어 공용에 수산화 리튬 관련 미디어 분류가 있습니다.

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