無声歯茎側面摩擦音

無声歯茎側面摩擦音
ɬ
IPA 番号 148
IPA 表記 [ɬ]
IPA 画像
Unicode U+026C
文字参照 ɬ
JIS X 0213 1-10-74
X-SAMPA K
Kirshenbaum s<lat>
音声サンプル

無声歯茎側面摩擦音(むせい しけい そくめん まさつおん)とは子音の種類の一つ。舌端と歯茎で舌の中央に閉鎖を作り、舌の脇の隙間から空気を通すことによって生じる摩擦の音。国際音声字母では [ɬ] と書く。

特徴

無声側面接近音との違い

無声の側面摩擦音と無声の側面接近音はしばしば区別せずに記述されるが、音声学的に両者は区別可能である[1]

有声の側面接近音[l]を、口の構えはそのままで無声にすると、無声の側面接近音[l̥]にはならず、側面摩擦音になる。これは、有声音に比べて無声音の方が気流が速く流れるためである[2]。口の開きをより大きくすると、無声の側面接近音を発することができる。

言語例

脚注

  1. ^ Ladefoged & Maddieson (1996) pp.198-199
  2. ^ Ladefoged (2001) p.153

参考文献

  • Ladefoged, Peter (2001). A Course in Phonetics (4th ed.). Heinle and Heinle. ISBN 0155073192 
  • Ladefoged, Peter; Maddieson, Ian (1996). The Sounds of the World's Languages. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-0631198154
子音
肺臓気流
両唇 唇歯 歯茎 後部歯茎 そり舌 硬口蓋 軟口蓋 口蓋垂 咽頭 声門
破裂 p b () () () () t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ( ʡˤ) ʔ
() m (ɱ̊) ɱ (n̪̊) () () n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ
ふるえ (ʙ̥) ʙ () r ʀ
はじき (ⱱ̟) ɾ ɽ (ɟ̆) (ɢ̆) (ʡ̆)
摩擦 ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ h ɦ
側面摩擦 ɬ ɮ
接近 (β̞) (ʋ̥) ʋ (ɹ̥) ɹ ɻ j ɰ
側面接近 () l ɭ ʎ ʟ
非肺臓気流
吸着 ʘ ǀ ǃ 𝼊 ǂ ǁ (ʞ)
入破 ɓ ɗ̪ ɗ () ʄ ɠ ʛ
放出 (t̪ʼ) ʈʼ c’ ()
その他
同時調音 ʍ w ɥ ɕ ʑ ɧ
(k͡p) (ɡ͡b) (ŋ͡m)
喉頭蓋音 ʜ ʢ ʡ
舌唇音 () () () (θ̼) (ð̼)
その他側面音 ɺ (ɭ̆) (ɫ)
破擦音 p͡ɸ b͡β p̪͡f b̪͡v t͡θ d͡ð t͡s d͡z t͡ʃ d͡ʒ ʈ͡ʂ ɖ͡ʐ t͡ɕ d͡ʑ c͡ç ɟ͡ʝ k͡x ɡ͡ɣ q͡χ ɢ͡ʁ t͡ɬ d͡ɮ ʔ͡h
記号が二つ並んでいるものは、左が無声音、右が有声音。網掛けは調音が不可能と考えられる部分。
丸括弧内はIPA子音表(2005年改訂版)に記載されていないもの。
国際音声記号 - 子音

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