新川通 (埼玉県)

新川通
新川通を流下する利根川
埼玉大橋より上流方向を望む)
水系 利根川水系
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新川通(しんかわどおり)は、利根川の河道で、埼玉県加須市の佐波・麦倉から旗井に至る全長4kmを流れる。

利根川東遷事業の一環として河道が開削された。それまでの利根川(浅間川)の分流部の区間を直線状に改め、大きな流量を可能とし、利根川の本流を流すこととした。

概要

江戸時代以前、利根川は一旦、主要分流である会の川浅間川などに分かれた後、加須市川口で再合流し、古利根川を通って東京湾へ注いだ。会の川を分流した後の利根川は飯積村(現・加須市飯積)でさらに分流し、合の川と、浅間川とに分かれた。合の川は渡良瀬川(太日川)と合流した。浅間川はさらに佐波村(現・加須市佐波。飯積から下流へ2km)で分かれた湾曲した分流が加須市旗井で渡良瀬川へ合流していた。

元和7年(1621年)に、渡良瀬川に合流する浅間川の分流を直線状にショートカットさせる新川通を開削し、これに利根川本流を通した。また権現堂川を拡幅し、以後は新川通から権現堂川・太日川を経て江戸の内海(東京湾)に至る流路が利根川の本流となった。

承応3年(1654年)、旗井の2km下流から赤堀川が開削され常陸川に接続した。現在はここに利根川本流が流れる。

天保9年(1838年)に、合の川と浅間川は流頭部分が締切られ、廃川となった。新川通には利根川の水が集中して流れることになった。

昭和22年(1947年)、カスリーン台風による増水で新川通の南岸の北埼玉郡東村(現・加須市)付近で堤防が決壊し、東京湾に至る直前まで洪水が達した(新川の南の葛西は水没を免れた)。現在、この地点には高規格堤防が作られている。

関連項目

外部リンク

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