クイーンズ・インディアン・ディフェンス

クイーンズ・インディアン・ディフェンス
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8
a8 black rook
b8 black knight
c8 black bishop
d8 black queen
e8 black king
f8 black bishop
h8 black rook
a7 black pawn
c7 black pawn
d7 black pawn
f7 black pawn
g7 black pawn
h7 black pawn
b6 black pawn
e6 black pawn
f6 black knight
c4 white pawn
d4 white pawn
f3 white knight
a2 white pawn
b2 white pawn
e2 white pawn
f2 white pawn
g2 white pawn
h2 white pawn
a1 white rook
b1 white knight
c1 white bishop
d1 white queen
e1 white king
f1 white bishop
h1 white rook
8
77
66
55
44
33
22
11
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クイーンズ・インディアン・ディフェンス (Queen's Indian Defense) は、チェスオープニングの1つ。右図がクイーンズ・インディアン・ディフェンスの基本形で[1]、基本形までの手順は1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 b6である[1]クイーン側にフィアンケットするため「クイーンズ・インディアン・ディフェンス」と名付けられた[2]QIDと省略される場合もある。

スローテンポなオープニングである[3]。3.Nf3によりニムゾ・インディアン・ディフェンスを回避した白がe2–e4を指して中央を完全に支配しようとするのを妨害することを目指している。

主な変化

4. g3 Bb7 5. Bg2 Be7 6. 0-0 0-0 7. Nc3 Ne4 8. Qc2 Nxc3 9. Qxc3 f5 10. b3 Bf6 11. Bb2 a5 12. Qd2 Na6[4]

白の4手目では他に4. a3[2]、4. Bg5[2]、4. e3[2]と指す手もある。4. a3と指すと4. … c5 5. d5 ed 6. cd g6 7. Nc3 Bg7と進行し[2]、4. Bg5と指すと4. … Bb7 5. Nc3 h6 6. Bh4 Bb4 7. e3 g5 8. Bg3 Ne4と進行する[2]。また4. e3と指すと4. … Bb7 5. Bd3 Be7 6. Nc3 d5と進行する[2]

黒の4手目では4. … Ba6と指す手もあり[2]、対する白の指し手は5. Qa4[2][5]、5. b3[5]、5. Nbd2[5]がある。5. Qa4と指すと5. … Be7 6. Bg2 0-0 7. Nc3 c6と進行する[2]。5. b3は1956年モスクワで対局されたウルマン対スミスロフ戦で白のウルマンが指した手で[5]、以下5. … d5 6. Bg2 Bb4+と進行し18手で黒のスミスロフが勝った[5]

黒の5手目では他に5. … Bb4+[2]、5. … Qc8[2]、5. … d5[2]、5. … g6[2]と指す手もある。5. … Bb4+と指すと6. Bd2 Bxd2+ 7. Qxd2 0-0 8. Nc3 d6と進行する[2]。なおこの変化の途中で黒が6. … Be7とビショップの交換を避ける手もあり[2]、以下7. 0-0 0-0と進行する[2]

黒の6手目では6. … c5と指す手もあり[2]、以下7. Nc3 cd 8. Qxd4 Nc6 9. Qf4 0-0 10. Rd1と進行する[2]

白の7手目では7. Qc2と指す手もあり[2]、以下7. … c5 8. Rd1 Qc8 9. b3 cd 10. Nxd4 Bxg2 11. Kxg2 d5と進行する[2]

黒の7手目では7. … d5と指す手もあり[2]、以下8. Ne5 Qc8 9. cd ed 10. Bg5 Qe6と進行する[2]

白の8手目では8. Nxe4と指す手もあり[2]、以下8. … Bxe4 9. Bf4 c6と進行する[2]

黒の8手目では8. … d5と指す手もあり[2]、以下9. cd Nxc3 10. bc ed 11. Ne5 Qc8 12. c4 dc 13. Bxb7 Qxb7 14. Qxc4 c5と進行し形勢互角[2]

白の9手目で9. Ng5?と指すのは次に10. Qxh7#のチェックメイトと10. Bxb7のビショップ取りの2つの狙いがあるが9. … Nxe2+!と指され黒の駒得となる[2]。白が10. Kh1とキングを逃げれば10. … Bxg2+と指され[2]、10. Qxe2とナイトを取っても10. … Bxg2と指される[2]

黒の9手目では9. … Qc8と指す手もある[2]。なお9. … Be4と指すのは10. Ne1 Bxg2 11. Nxg2と進行し白が優勢[2]

白の10手目では10. Be3と指す手もあり[2]、以下10. … Bf6 11. Qd2 d6 12. d5 e5 13. Ng5 Bxg5 14. Bxg5 Qe8と進行する[2]。なお10. d5と指すのは10. … Na6 11. de deと進行しここで白が12. Ng5と指せば12. … Bxg2 13. Nxe6? Bf6と進行し黒が優勢[2]

参考文献

脚注・出典

  1. ^ a b 『定跡と戦い方』、163頁。
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai 『定跡と戦い方』、165頁。
  3. ^ 『定跡と戦い方』、164頁。
  4. ^ 『定跡と戦い方』、164-165頁。
  5. ^ a b c d e 『定跡と戦い方』、166頁。
  6. ^ ISBNコードは新装版のもの。

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