San Sebastiano (Ribera Napoli)

San Sebastiano
AutoreJusepe de Ribera
Data1651
Tecnicaolio su tela
Dimensioni121×100 cm
UbicazioneMuseo nazionale di San Martino, Napoli

Il San Sebastiano è un dipinto olio su tela (121×100 cm) del 1651 di Jusepe de Ribera conservato nel Museo nazionale di San Martino a Napoli.[1]

Storia e descrizione

Intorno al 1638 Jusepe de Ribera riceve una serie di commesse che si innestano in un contesto di profondo rinnovamento della certosa di San Martino.[2] Sotto il priorato di Giovanni Battista Pisante, il pittore spagnolo fu tra i più importanti artisti dell'ambiente napoletano ad esser chiamato nella monumentale opera di decorazione della chiesa, per la quale già nel 1637 compì la sontuosa pala della Pietà per la sacrestia, poi ricollocata nella sala del Tesoro Nuovo alla fine del XVII secolo, dov'è tuttora.[2]

Le commesse che interessavano il pittore riguardavano la realizzazione di una serie di quattordici tele con profeti, da collocare lungo la navata della chiesa, realizzate tra il 1638 e il 1643,[3] il piccolo rame col San Bruno riceve la Regola, sempre del 1643, e altre tre tele che, a causa anche della malattia che colpì lo Spagnoletto proprio a partire dal 1643, verranno consegnate solo nel 1651.[2] Queste ultime opere erano quindi il grande quadro della Comunione degli apostoli, per la parete laterale del coro della chiesa, e due dipinti destinati invece agli appartamenti privati del priore (oggi Museo nazionale di San Martino), il San Girolamo e il San Sebastiano, pagati 100 ducati cumulativi (di cui era compreso il piccolo rame su San Bruno).[4]

L'opera, che costituisce uno dei capolavori della seconda maturità del Ribera, è una seconda redazione di un soggetto compiuto già nel 1636 circa e oggi conservato presso il Museo del Prado di Madrid.[5] La versione napoletana testimonia il raggiungimento del percorso luminista che il pittore ebbe a partire dagli anni '30 del Seicento, quando si avviò alla stesura di pitture dalla maggior intensità cromatica (la versione spagnola, del 1636, testimonia di contro proprio la prima fase di questa evoluzione stilistica).[5]

Sul sasso in basso a sinistra è la firma e data di esecuzione: «Jusepe de Ribera espanol / F. 1651».[1]

Altre versioni

Note

  1. ^ a b Ribera. L'opera completa, p. 379.
  2. ^ a b c Ribera. L'opera completa., pp. 179-185.
  3. ^ José Luis Morales y Marín, Barocco e rococò, traduzione di Francesco Bertello e Sergio Siggia, Novara, De Agostini, 1991, p. 278, ISBN 88-402-9217-9.
  4. ^ Art e Dossier, pp. 24-38.
  5. ^ a b N. Spinosa, L'opera completa del Ribera, collana Classici dell'arte Rizzoli, Milano, Rizzoli Editore, 1978, p. 124.

Bibliografia

  • N. Spinosa, Ribera. L'opera completa, Napoli, Electa, 2003.
  • N. Spinosa, Jusepe de Ribera, Milano, Giunti Editore, 1992.

Voci correlate

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