Parco nazionale Nižnjaja Kama

Parco nazionale Nižnjaja Kama
Национальный парк Нижняя Кама
Tipo di areaParco nazionale
Codice WDPA68350
Class. internaz.Categoria IUCN II: parco nazionale
StatoRussia (bandiera) Russia
Circondario federaleVolga
Soggetto federaleTatarstan (bandiera) Tatarstan
Superficie a terra102,65 km²
Mappa di localizzazione
Mappa di localizzazione: Russia europea
Parco nazionale Nižnjaja Kama
Parco nazionale Nižnjaja Kama
Sito istituzionale
Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale

Il parco nazionale Nižnjaja Kama (in russo Национальный парк Нижняя Кама, che significa letteralmente «parco nazionale del Kama inferiore») è un parco nazionale della Russia centrale, situato nei distretti di Tukayev ed Elabuga, nel Tatarstan. È stato istituito il 20 aprile del 1991 per proteggere le foreste di conifere (per lo più di pini) lungo le sponde del fiume Kama[1].

Posizione e geografia

Il parco è costituito da tre zone separate. Due di esse - Maly Bor e Tanayavskaya Dacha - sono situate nei pressi della città di Elabuga, sulla sponda destra del Kama, mentre la terza, Bolshoy Bor, è situata sulla penisola lungo la sponda sinistra del fiume, fuori dalla città di Naberežnye Čelny[2]. Entro i confini del parco, il Kama appare sotto forma del cosiddetto bacino di Nižnekamsk. La sponda destra del fiume è elevata, e scende a picco con precipizi. Il fiume Toyma è il maggior affluente del Kama entro i confini del parco. La sponda sinistra del Kama è pianeggiante[3]. Al di là della diga, appartengono al parco anche i meandri del Kama e i prati che sorgono sulla sponda destra del fiume[1].

Fauna

Tra i grandi mammiferi presenti nel parco figurano alci, caprioli, cinghiali, linci, tassi, castori eurasiatici e cani procioni. Sono presenti alcune specie di pipistrelli, comprese alcune forme rare. Il parco ospita oltre 190 specie di uccelli, 6 specie di rettili, 10 specie di anfibi e 16 specie di pesci[2].

Flora

Le aree adiacenti al bacino di Nižnekamsk sono ricoperte dalla foresta. La foresta è presente anche lontano dalle rive, sotto forma di boschetti isolati. Tra gli alberi, i più comuni sono pini (il 65,4% dell'area forestale), faggi (19%) e aceri (6%)[1]. Alcune aree di foresta sono state trapiantate dall'uomo.

Note

  1. ^ a b c (RU) Нижняя Кама Национальный парк, su oopt.info, ООПТ России. URL consultato il 3 ottobre 2012.
  2. ^ a b (RU) Национальный Парк Нижняя Кама, su nkama-park.ru, ФГБУ НП "Нижняя Кама". URL consultato il 3 ottobre 2012.
  3. ^ (RU) И. А. Кусый (a cura di), Национальный парки России: Северо-Запад и центр, Вокруг света, Вокруг света, 2007, pp. 35–55, ISBN 5-98652-110-2.

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