Oblast' di Irkutsk

Oblast' di Irkutsk
Oblast'
Ирку́тская о́бласть
Oblast' di Irkutsk – Stemma
Oblast' di Irkutsk – Bandiera
Localizzazione
StatoRussia (bandiera) Russia
Circondario federaleSiberiano
Amministrazione
Capoluogo Irkutsk
GovernatoreSergej Levchenko (PCFR) dal Settembre 2015
Lingue ufficialirusso
Data di istituzione26 settembre 1937
Territorio
Coordinate
del capoluogo
52°18′44″N 104°17′45″E
Superficie774 846[1] km²
Acque interne22 470 km² (2,9%)
Abitanti2 428 750[2] (2010)
Densità3,13 ab./km²
Soggetti federali confinanti  Sacha (Jacuzia)
  Krasnojarsk
  Transbajkalia
  Buriazia
  Tuva
Altre informazioni
Fuso orarioUTC+8
ISO 3166-2RU-IRK
Targa38
Regione economicaSiberia Orientale
Cartografia
Oblast' di Irkutsk – Localizzazione
Oblast' di Irkutsk – Localizzazione
Oblast' di Irkutsk – Mappa
Oblast' di Irkutsk – Mappa
Sito istituzionale

L'oblast' di Irkutsk (in russo Ирку́тская о́бласть, Irkutskaja oblastʾ) è un'oblast della Russia, situata nella parte sudorientale della Siberia.

Geografia fisica

Il fiume Murino, nel bacino del lago Bajkal.

L'oblast' di Irkutsk abbraccia un territorio assai vasto, compreso tra il lago Bajkal a sud-est, i monti Saiani Occidentali a sud-ovest, gli altopiani della Lena e dell'Angara, del Patom e Stanovoj a nord-est, e parte dell'altopiano della Siberia centrale a nord.

Attraversata dai fiumi Lena, Tunguska Inferiore o Angara è ricca di miniere di carbone, salgemma ed oro.

Su tutto il territorio il clima è di tipo continentale, con amplissime escursioni termiche annue; gli inverni sono dovunque molto freddi, con temperature medie di gennaio che oscillano dai -15 °C nel sud fino ai -33 °C del nord; le estati sono temperate e piovose, con temperature medie variabili dai 17 ai 19 °C.[3] Il territorio è coperto da vaste foreste anche se ultimamente si sta sviluppando l'agricoltura.

Città

La capitale Irkutsk (600.000 abitanti) situata sulla sponda destra del fiume Angara deve la sua importanza alla vicinanza della Mongolia e della Cina ed è passaggio obbligato per le zone aurifere della Lena. Stazione della Transiberiana, è sede di università e dell'Aeroporto Internazionale di Irkutsk. Notevole centro di raccolta delle pelli della taiga siberiana conta importanti industrie del legno, alimentari, chimiche, meccaniche e calzaturiere.

Altri centri urbani importanti sono Angarsk, situata poco lontano da Irkutsk, e Bratsk, sulla Lena, nella parte centro-settentrionale della oblast'.

Geografia antropica

Suddivisioni amministrative

Rajon

La oblast' di Irkutsk comprende 33 rajon[4] (fra parentesi il capoluogo; sono indicati con un asterisco i capoluoghi non direttamente dipendenti dal rajon ma posti sotto la giurisdizione della oblast'):

Città

I centri abitati della oblast' che hanno lo status di città (gorod) sono 22[4] (in grassetto le città sotto la diretta giurisdizione della oblast', che costituiscono una divisione amministrativa di secondo livello):

Insediamenti di tipo urbano

I centri urbani con status di insediamento di tipo urbano sono 54 (al 1º gennaio 2010):[4]

Note

  1. ^ (RU) Divisioni amministrativo-territoriali dei soggetti della Federazione Russa al 1º gennaio 2010
  2. ^ (RU) Statistiche ufficiali
  3. ^ (RU) Mojgorod.ru - Иркутская область
  4. ^ a b c (RU) Copia archiviata (XLS), su gks.ru. URL consultato il 6 gennaio 2011 (archiviato dall'url originale il 1º febbraio 2012).
  5. ^ a b c d e f Precedentemente compreso nel Circondario autonomo buriato di Ust'-Orda.

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

  Portale Russia: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che parlano della Russia

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