Makoko (Lagos)

Una panoramica di Makoko.

Makoko, detta anche Venezia nera o Venezia d'Africa,[1] è una baraccopoli situata alla periferia di Lagos, in Nigeria, la cui popolazione nel 2009 era stimata ad 85 840 abitanti; l'area però non fu contata ufficialmente come parte del censimento del 2007 e oggi la popolazione è stimata essere molto maggiore (secondo alcuni circa 100.000[2]; secondo stime di più ampio raggio, gli abitanti vanno dai 30.000 ai 250.000[3]).[4]

La baraccopoli è visibile dal Third Mainland Bridge, il ponte più lungo di tutta l'Africa, che collega la parte di Lagos posta sulla terraferma all'isola di Lagos attraversando la Laguna.[1]

Storia

Una casa di Makoko.

Makoko, fondata nel XVIII secolo come villaggio di pescatori, è costituita da strutture poggianti su palafitte e collegate da canali percorsi dagli abitanti con canoe in legno;[4][5] in ogni casa abitano in media otto persone, originarie principalmente del Togo e del Benin, che vivono dei ricavi della pesca e della vendita del legno.[3]

In epoca più recente l'area è soggetta ad una sorta di autogoverno, data la presenza estremamente ridotta di rappresentanti del governo ufficiale nell'area, e sono gli area boys a garantire il servizio di sorveglianza nella zona.[6] L'acqua risulta essere inquinata e per questo motivo, in Nigeria, muoiono ogni anno 97.000 bambini.[3]

Nel luglio 2012 alcuni ufficiali del governo nigeriano distrussero varie residenze dopo aver dato ai residenti tre giorni per evacuarle; un residente fu ucciso durante questi fatti.[1][2][7]

Lagos potrebbe continuare la distruzione di Makoko per riqualificare la zona, che ora è vista come privilegiata data la sua posizione sul lungomare.[8]

Note

  1. ^ a b c (EN) Jacey Fortin, The 'Poor Man's Venice': Nigeria Demolishes Makoko In Lagos, Evicting Thousands, in International Business Times, 17 luglio 2012.
  2. ^ a b Nigeria: Lagos, demolita la baraccopoli Makoko, in Corriere della Sera, 18 luglio 2012.
  3. ^ a b c (EN) Felix Gaedtke, Makoko's thirst for safe drinking water, in Flagit, 12 novembre 2013.
  4. ^ a b (EN) Makoko Residents And Their Unwanted Guest, in Africa News, 1º maggio 2009.
  5. ^ (EN) Roger Cohen, Nigerian Slum's Filth Is a World Away From Capital's Glitter, in The New York Times, 20 luglio 1998.
  6. ^ (EN) UN Integrated Regional Information Networks, Lagos, the Mega-City of Slums, in Africa News, 5 settembre 2006.
  7. ^ (EN) Anna Edwards, The floating slum on stilts: Staggering pictures of the families who fight for survival on a sea of festering filth, in Daily Mail, 27 settembre 2012.
  8. ^ (EN) Destroying Makoko, in The Economist, 18 agosto 2012.

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

  • (EN) Iwan Baan, School at Sea, su nytimes.com, New York Times, 26 maggio 2013.
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