Indice (linguistica)

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Nella teoria dei segni del semiologo statunitense Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914), è detto "indice"[1] un segno che ha un rapporto di prossimità naturale alla cosa denotata.[2][3]

Esempi di indice sono i sintomi di una malattia, l'abbassamento del liquido in un barometro, la banderuola che indica la direzione del vento, il gesto di indicare con il dito indice.[4]

Peirce distingue gli indici dalle icone, che con la cosa denotata hanno un rapporto di somiglianza formale, e dai simboli, che sono segni istituiti da convenzioni sociali.[2]

Sono considerati indici i deittici, quegli elementi linguistici che sono interpretabili in base al contesto (ad esempio, io, tu, qui, domani, questo, l'altro ecc.).[2]

Note

  1. ^ Berruto e Cerruti, p. 6.
  2. ^ a b c Beccaria, p. 405.
  3. ^ Antioco Floris, Il segno.
  4. ^ Esempi tratti da Beccaria, p. 405.

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