HD 101364

HD 101364
HD 101364
ClassificazioneNana gialla
Classe spettraleG5V
Distanza dal Sole208 anni luce
CostellazioneDragone
Coordinate
(all'epoca J2000)
Ascensione retta11h 40m 28,48381s
Declinazione+69° 00′ 30,5995″
Dati fisici
Raggio medio1,15[1] R
Massa
0,994 M
Temperatura
superficiale
  • 5785 K (media)
Luminosità
1,15 L
Indice di colore (B-V)0,60
Metallicità105% rispetto al Sole
Età stimata4,7-5,8 miliardi di anni[2]
Dati osservativi
Magnitudine app.
  • +8,67 (media)
Magnitudine app.8,67
Magnitudine ass.+4,65
Parallasse15,68 mas
Moto proprioAR: -126,96 mas/anno
Dec: -2,13 mas/anno
Velocità radiale+5,4 km/s
Nomenclature alternative
HIP 56948, HD 101364, PPM 17963,
SAO 15590, BD+69 620, HIC 56948,
GSC 04392-00272, TIC 142862936,
uvby98 100101364, AG+69 486,
Gaia DR2 1061266013453102080,
Gaia DR1 1061266009159964672,
Gaia EDR3 1061266013453102080,
GEN# +1.00101364, TYC 4392-272-1,
2MASS J11402848+6900306

HD 101364 è una stella di magnitudine +8,67 situata nella costellazione del Dragone, a 208 anni luce dal sistema solare[3]. Nel 2007 è stata riconosciuta come la stella nota più simile al Sole per massa, raggio, abbondanza di elementi pesanti ed età, tanto da essere considerata una delle stelle che più merita il titolo di "gemella" della nostra stella[4].

Caratteristiche fisiche

La stella è una nana gialla di tipo spettrale G5V, con una massa equivalente a quella solare ed un raggio ed una luminosità di poco superiori[2].

Similitudini con il Sole

HD 101364 ha una temperatura superficiale di 5785 K, praticamente la stessa del Sole, ed una età che, anche prendendo fonti diverse, si differenzia al massimo di un miliardo di anni rispetto a quella solare,[5] ma potrebbe essere più o meno la stessa[2]. Uno degli elementi che più la fanno apparire simile al Sole è l'abbondanza di litio presente; altre stelle simili al Sole, come 18 Scorpii, che per oltre un decennio era stata considerata la gemella del Sole, hanno un contenuto più alto di questo elemento, al contrario l'abbondanza di litio in HD 101364 è molto vicina a quella solare. Non si conosce precisamente la causa del perché stelle tanto simili tra loro possano avere valori tanto differenti di litio, ma pare che questo sia correlato alla massa e all'età della stella. Da un lato pare che le stelle con massa del 3-4% maggiore di quella solare siano meno impoverite di litio; inoltre pare che la presenza del litio decresca con l'avanzare dell'età, e che dunque le altre stelle considerate gemelle del Sole siano, a differenza di HD 101364, relativamente più giovani[4], mentre al contrario, il litio è scarso nella più vecchia stella simile al Sole conosciuta, ossia HD 197027.[6]

Solitamente le stelle con meno litio sono meno attive e più stabili; inoltre le osservazioni effettuate suggeriscono anche che non sono presenti intorno alla stella pianeti gioviani caldi che potrebbero perturbare le orbite di eventuali pianeti terrestri nella zona abitabile. Questi fattori portano gli astronomi a pensare che HD 101364 sia uno tra i migliori candidati ad ospitare un sistema planetario simile al nostro, in grado di ospitare una civiltà evoluta su un pianeta simile alla Terra, e che debba essere considerata come obiettivo primario per una ricerca del SETI[7].

Note

  1. ^ Effective temperatures and radii of stars (Masana+, 2006)
  2. ^ a b c Do Nascimento, J. D., Jr.; Castro, M.; Meléndez, J.; Bazot, M.; Théado, S.; Porto de Mello, G. F.; de Medeiros, J. R., Age and mass of solar twins constrained by lithium abundance, in Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 501, n. 2, luglio 2009, pp. 687–694.arΧiv:0904.3580
  3. ^ Extended Hipparcos Compilation (XHIP) (Anderson+, 2012)
  4. ^ a b Meléndez, Jorge; Ramírez, Iván, HIP 56948: A Solar Twin with a Low Lithium Abundance, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 669, n. 2, 2007, pp. L89-L92.
  5. ^ Takeda Yoichi, Tajitsu Akito, High-Dispersion Spectroscopic Study of Solar Twins: HIP 56948, HIP 79672, and HIP 100963, Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, volume 61, numero 3, pagine 471–480, June 2009, bibcode=2009PASJ...61..471T , arxiv 0901.2509 https://arxiv.org/abs/0901.2509
  6. ^ Talawanda R. Monroe et al., High Precision Abundances of the Old Solar Twin HIP 102152: Insights on Li Depletion from the Oldest Sun, in Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 774, n. 2, agosto 2013, pp. L32, DOI:10.1088/2041-8205/774/2/l32.
  7. ^ (EN) Ottobre 2007 Sun's 'twin' an ideal hunting ground for alien life New Scientist

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