Daniel Kastler

Daniel Kastler

Daniel Kastler ([kastlé][1]; Colmar, 4 marzo 1926Bandol, 4 luglio 2015[2]) è stato un fisico francese che si è occupato principalmente degli aspetti fondamentali della teoria quantistica dei campi e della geometria non commutativa.

Biografia

Daniel Kastler è nato il 4 marzo 1926 a Colmar, nel nord-est della Francia. È figlio del Premio Nobel per la fisica Alfred Kastler. Nel 1946 si è iscritto all'École normale supérieure di Parigi. Nel 1950 è andato in Germania come lecturer all'Università della Saarland.[3] Nel 1953 è diventato professore associato e si è dottorato in chimica quantistica. Nel 1957 Kastler si è trasferito all'Università di Aix-Marseille dove è diventato professore ordinario nel 1959. Nel 1968 ha fondato, con Jean-Marie Souriau e Andrea Visconti, il centro di fisica teorica di Marsiglia.[4][5] È morto l'8 luglio 2015 a Bandol, nel sud della Francia.[6][7]

Daniel Kastler è noto in particolare per essere stato pioniere, con Rudolf Haag, della formulazione algebrica della teorica quantistica dei campi. La loro collaborazione ha avuto inizio durante la famosa conferenza di Lille del 1957, dove entrambi parteciparono, ed ha portato alla formulazione degli assiomi di Haag–Kastler per le osservabili locali delle teorie quantistiche dei campi.[8] Questa struttura usa gli elementi della teoria delle algebre di operatori e viene quindi chiamata formulazione algebrica della teoria quantistica dei campi, o anche fisica quantistica locale.[9] In altre collaborazioni Kastler ha mostrato l'importanza delle C*-algebre nelle fondamenta della meccanica statistica quantistica e dei sistemi asintotici abeliani.[10] Negli anni 80 ha iniziato a lavorare sulla geometria non commutatica di Alain Connes, studiando in particolare le applicazioni sulla fisica delle particelle elementari.[11] Nello stesso periodo Kastler, in collaborazione con Raymond Stora, ha sviluppato l'impostazione geometrica per le trasformazioni BRST per la quantizzazione delle teorie di guage.[12][13]

Premi e onorificenze

Nel 1984 Daniel Kastler ha vinto il Premio Ampère dell'Accademia francese delle scienze.[14] Dal 1977 è stato membro corrispondente dell'Accademia delle scienze di Gottinga[15] e dal 1981 dell'Accademia austriaca delle scienze.[16] È stato inoltre membro dell'Accademia Cesarea Leopoldina dal 1995.[17]

Opere selezionate

Note

  1. ^ Daniel Kastler, in Dizionario delle scienze fisiche, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 1996.
  2. ^ (FR) Décès de Daniel Kastler, su smf.emath.fr. URL consultato il 2 marzo 2021.
  3. ^ (EN) Serge Lazzarini e Thierry Martin, Daniel Kastler 1926–2015 (PDF), in CERN Courier, vol. 55, n. 8, 2015, p. 40.
  4. ^ Il centro è conosciuto come Centre de Physique Théorique di Marsiglia.
  5. ^ (FR) Alain Guichardet, Quelques souvenirs sur Daniel Kastler (1926-2015) (PDF), su smf.emath.fr. URL consultato il 2 marzo 2021.
  6. ^ (FR) Kastler obituary (PDF), su University of Aix-Marseille, 9 July 2015. URL consultato il 28 febbraio 2021.
  7. ^ (EN) Serge Lazzarini e Thierry Martin, Daniel Kastler (1926–2015) (PDF), in News Bulletin, International Association of Mathematical Physics, 2015, pp. 27–28.
  8. ^ Negli anni 2000 l'articolo pioniere è stato uno degli articoli più citati in fisica matematica. (EN) Rudolf Haag e Daniel Kastler, An Algebraic approach to quantum field theory, in Journal of Mathematical Physics, vol. 5, n. 7, 1964, pp. 848–861, DOI:10.1063/1.1704187.
  9. ^ (EN) Rudolf Haag, Local quantum physics: Fields, particles, algebras, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 1996, DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-61458-3, ISBN 978-3-540-61049-6.
  10. ^ (FR) Alain Guichardet, Daniel Kastler et les Systèmes dynamiques non commutatifs (PDF), su smf.emath.fr. URL consultato il 2 marzo 2021.
  11. ^ (EN) Alain Connes, Daniel Kastler, su noncommutativegeometry.blogspot.com. URL consultato il 2 marzo 2021.
  12. ^ (FR) Daniel Kastler 1926-2015 (PDF), in La Gazette, n. 146, 2015, p. 70–71. URL consultato il 5 marzo 2021 (archiviato dall'url originale il 9 dicembre 2017).
  13. ^ (EN) Daniel Kastler e Raymond Stora, A differential geometric setting for BRS transformations and anomalies. 1., in Journal of Geometry and Physics, vol. 3, 1986, p. 437, DOI:10.1016/0393-0440(86)90006-9. (EN) Daniel Kastler e Raymond Stora, A differential geometric setting for BRS transformations and anomalies. 2., in Journal of Geometry and Physics, vol. 3, 1986, pp. 483–505, DOI:10.1016/0393-0440(86)90007-0.
  14. ^ (FR) 40 ans du prix Ampère (PDF), su Académie des Sciences. URL consultato il 28 febbraio 2021.
  15. ^ (DE) Göttingen Academy of Sciences member page of Daniel Kastler, su Göttingen Academy of Sciences. URL consultato il 3 marzo 2021. (DE) Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (a cura di), Jahrbuch der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen 2010, De Gruyter, 2011, DOI:10.26015/adwdocs-386, ISBN 978-3110236767.
  16. ^ (EN) Austrian Academy of Sciences member page of Daniel Kastler, su Austrian Academy of Sciences. URL consultato il 28 febbraio 2021.
  17. ^ (EN) German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina member page of Daniel Kastler, su German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. URL consultato il 28 febbraio 2021.

Bibliografia

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN54175123 · ISNI (EN0000 0001 0902 0997 · LCCN (ENn80137983 · GND (DE1081790725 · BNF (FRcb120915049 (data) · J9U (ENHE987007449793605171

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