Castello di Newcastle Emlyn

Castello di Newcastle Emlyn
(EN) Newcastle Emlyn Castle
Rovine del castello
Stato attualeRegno Unito (bandiera) Regno Unito
Regione/area/distrettoGalles
CittàNewcastle Emlyn
Coordinate52°02′20.76″N 4°27′48.06″W
Mappa di localizzazione: Regno Unito
Castello di Newcastle Emlyn
Informazioni generali
Tipofortezza
Inizio costruzionemetà del XIII secolo (ca. 1240?)
CostruttoreGallesi
Visitabile
Informazioni militari
Azioni di guerraribellione di Owain Glyndŵr, guerra civile inglese
[1]
voci di architetture militari presenti su Wikipedia

Il castello di Newcastle Emlyn (in inglese: Newcastle Emlyn Castle) è una fortezza medievale in rovina della cittadina gallese di Newcastle Emlyn, nel Carmarthenshire (Galles sud-occidentale), eretto nella metà del XIII secolo[1][2][3][4] e la cui costruzione è comunemente attribuita a Maredudd ap Rhys.[1][2][3] Si tratterebbe quindi di un raro esempio di castello in pietra eretto dai Gallesi nell'area del Dyfed.[2][3]

Ubicazione

Le rovine del castello si stagliano nella parte occidentale della città di Newcastle Emlyn[3], in un avvallamento che si affaccia sul fiume Teifi[1][3][4].

Storia

Si ritiene che il castello sia stato costruito intorno al 1240 per volere di Maredudd ap Rhys.[1][3]

Le prime notizie certe sull'esistenza del castello risalgono tuttavia soltanto al 1257, quando si parlò di un nuovo castello realizzato per il conte di Emlyn Uwch Cych.[3]

Nell'inverno del 1287-1288, il castello, che era retto dal figlio di Maredudd ap Rhys, Rhys ap Maredudd[1][3], fu assediato dagli Inglesi, guidati da Roger Mortimer, conte di March: dopo l'iniziale resistenza dei Gallesi, quest'ultimi furono costretti alla resa e la loro città passò sotto il controllo della corona inglese.[1][3][4]

In seguito il castello fu modificato per volere di tre sovrani inglesi, Edoardo I, Edoardo II ed Edoardo III.[1] Nel 1312 fu commissionata la costruzione del salone[1] e il castello fu quindi ampliato nel corso del XIV secolo, con l'aggiunta dell'imponente ingresso[1][4]. Pare però che nel 1343 il castello si trovasse in pessimo stato, tanto da dover essere fatto restaurare nel 1347 da Richard de la Bere..[1]

Nel 1403, il castello fu attaccato dal principe del Galles Owain Glyndŵr, che saccheggiò anche la città.[1]

Sempre agli inizi del XV secolo, l'edificio fu quindi convertito in residenza e venne aggiunto un parco circostante.[4]. Pare però che già nel 1428 il castello si trovasse in stato di rovina.[1]

Nel corso della guerra civile inglese, il castello passò nelle mani di entrambe le fazioni.[1] L'edificio subì anche gravi danni nel corso del conflitto, tanto che in seguito venne abbandonato.[4]

Architettura

Il castello ha una corte interna della misura di 45 m x 25 m.[3][4]

Note

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m (EN) Newcastle Emlyn Castle, su castlesfortsbattles.co.uk. URL consultato l'11 settembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale l'11 ottobre 2016).
  2. ^ a b c (EN) Newcastle Emlyn Castle, su castlewales.com. URL consultato l'11 settembre 2016.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j (EN) Newcastle Emlyn Castle, su gatehouse-gazetteer.info. URL consultato l'11 settembre 2016.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g (EN) Newcastle Emlyn Castle, su britainexpress.com, Britain Express. URL consultato il 12 settembre 2016.

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