Opisial a pagsasao

Ti maysa nga opisial a pagsasao ket ti pagsasao a naikkan iti naipangpangruna a nainkalintegan a kasasaad iti naisangayan a pagilian, estado, wenno dadduma a pagturayan. Kadawyan a ti opisial a pagsasao ti pagilian ket mangibagbaga iti pagsasao nga inus-usar iti kaunegan ti gobierno (kas dagiti korte, parlamento, administrasion).[1] Gapu ta "ti pamay-an ti panangiyebkas iti tattao ket saan a mabaliwan babaen ti linteg",[2] ti termino nga "opisial a pagsasao" ket saan a kadawyan a mangibaga iti pagsasao nga inus-usar babaen dagiti tattao wenno pagilian, ngem babaen ti gobiernona.[3]

Iti sangalubongan, adda dagiti 178 a pagilian nga addaan iti saan a basbassit ngem maysa nga opisial a pagsasao, ken 101 kadagitoy a pagilian ket mangbigbig iti ad-adu ngem maysa a pagsasao. Adu kadagiti batay-linteg iti lubong ket mangibaga iti maysa wenno ad-adu nga opisial a pagsasao ken/wenno dagiti nailian a pagsasao.[4][5]Adda met dagiti pagilian nga agus-usar iti designasion iti opisial a pagsasao a mangpabileg kadagiti grupo ti indihenio babaen ti panangited kaniada iti panagserrek iti gobierno iti patneng a pagsasaoda. Kadagiti pagilian a saan a pormal a mangidesignado iti maysa nga opisial a pagsasao, kadawyan a maparang-ay ti de facto a nailian a pagsasao. Ti Ingles ket ti kaaduan nga opisial a pagsasao, nga addaan iti kasasaad a mabigbigan kadagiti 51 a pagilians. Adu pay a mabigbigan ti Arabiko, Pranses, ken Espaniol.

Ti maysa nga opisial a pagsasao a maysa pay nga indihenio a pagsasao ket tinawtawagan nga endoglosiko, ti maysa a saan nga indihenio ket eksoglosiko.[6] Iti maysa a pagarigan ket ti Nigeria nga addaan kadagiti tallo nga endoglosiko nga opsial a pagsasao. Ti kayat a sawen daytoy, ti pagilian ket mangigandat a mangprotekta dagiti indihenio a pagsasao ngem urayno kasta mangbigbig pay iti Ingles kas iti bukodna a lingua franca.

Dagiti nagibasaran

  1. ^ "Official Language", Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language, Ed. Tom McArthur, Oxford University Press, 1998.
  2. ^ The Status of Languages in Puerto Rico. Naiyarkibo 2017-10-10 iti Wayback Machine Luis Muñiz-Arguelles. Unibersidad ti Puerto Rico. 1986. Panid 466. Naala idi 23 Nobiembre 2012.
  3. ^ Pueblo v. Tribunal Superior, 92 D.P.R. 596 (1965). Translation taken from the English text, 92 P.R.R. 580 (1965), p. 588-589. See also LOPEZ-BARALT NEGRON, "Pueblo v. Tribunal Superior: Español: Idioma del proceso judicial", 36 Revista Juridica de la Universidad de Puerto Rico. 396 (1967), and VIENTOS-GASTON, "Informe del Procurador General sobre el idioma", 36 Rev. Col. Ab. (P.R.) 843 (1975).
  4. ^ "Read about "Official or national languages" on Constitute". Naala idi 2016-03-28.
  5. ^ "L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde: page d'accueil". www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca. Naala idi 2016-03-28.
  6. ^ endoglossic Naiyarkibo 2016-04-10 iti Wayback Machine ken exoglossic Naiyarkibo 2016-07-18 iti Wayback Machine iti OxfordDictionaries.com.

Adu pay a mabasbasa

  • Writing Systems of the World: Alphabets, Syllabaries, Pictograms (1990), ISBN 0-8048-1654-9 — ilistan dagiti opisial a pagsasao iti lubong, ken dagiti dadduma pay a pakaammo.

Dagiti akinruar a silpo

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