Scolecophidia

Scolecophidia
Rentang waktu: 87.8–0 jtyl
Ular kawat,
Indotyphlops braminus
Klasifikasi ilmiah Sunting klasifikasi ini
Domain: Eukaryota
Kerajaan: Animalia
Filum: Chordata
Kelas: Reptilia
Ordo: Squamata
Subordo: Serpentes
Infraordo: Scolecophidia
Cope, 1864[1]
Sinonim
  • Scolecophidia Cope 1864[2]

Scolecophidia adalah kelompok ular-ular yang bentuk dan ukurannya sangat mirip dengan cacing.[3] Semua ular ini hidup di dalam tanah (fossorial). Mata ular ini hampir tidak berguna, badannya licin, panjang rata-rata sampai 10 cm.[4] Ular-ular ini tersebar luas di seluruh wilayah tropis di semua benua.[5]

Scolecophidia terdiri dari lk. 400 spesies yang telah diberi nama, tersebar pada lima suku: Anomalepididae (ular-buta primitif, 18 spp), Leptotyphlopidae (ular kenur, 116 spp), Typhlopidae (ular buta sejati, 257 spp), Gerrhopilidae (ular buta Indo-Malaya, 16 spp), dan Xenotyphlopidae (ular buta moncong-bulat, 1 spesies yang dideskripsi dari Madagaskar).[6] Di samping itu, masih banyak lagi yang belum dideskripsi; setidaknya ada 25 spesies baru dari Karibia yang menunggu dikonfirmasi.[6] Tiga suku yang terakhir (Gerrhopilidae, Typhlopidae, dan Xenotyphlopidae) termasuk kedalam superfamilia Typhlopoidea.[7]

Nama umum: Ular kawat, ular buta, ular-cacing.[8]

Suku-suku

Suku Penemu Genera Nama umum Penyebaran
Anomalepididae Taylor, 1939 4 Ular-buta primitif Amerika Tengah bagian selatan dan Amerika Selatan
Gerrhopilidae Vidal, Wynn, Donnellan and Hedges, 2010[9] 2 Ular-buta Indo-Malaya India
Leptotyphlopidae Stejneger, 1892 2 Ular kenur Afrika, Asia barat, dan sebagian Amerika
Typhlopidae Merrem, 1820 6 Ular buta sejati, ular kawat Seluruh wilayah tropis dan subtropis di dunia
Xenotyphlopidae Vidal, Vences, Branch and Hedges, 2010 1 Ular-buta moncong-bulat, ular-buta Malagasi Madagaskar

Referensi

  1. ^ Cope, E.D. 1864. "On the characters of the higher groups of Reptilia Squamata - and especially of the Diploglossa." Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 16: 224-31. [Oct. 1864]. (Scolecophidia p.230.)
  2. ^ McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
  3. ^ Palaeos: Scolecophidia. Diakses 14 April 2014.
  4. ^ Marin, Julie; et al. (2013). "Hidden species diversity of Australian burrowing snakes (Ramphotyphlops)" (PDF). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 110 (2): 427–441. doi:10.1111/bij.12132. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 21 December 2013. 
  5. ^ Pyron, Robert Alexander; Burbrink, Frank T. and Wiens, John J. (2013). "A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata, including 4161 species of lizards and snakes" (PDF). BMC Evolutionary Biology. 13 (1): 93–145. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-93. PMC 3682911 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMID 23627680. 
  6. ^ a b Hedges, S.B., A.B. Marion, K.M. Lipp, J. Marin, & N. Vidal. (2014) "A taxonomic framework for typhlopid snakes from the Caribbean and other regions (Reptilia, Squamata)". Caribbean Herpetology, 49: 1–61.
  7. ^ Pyron, R.A. & Van Wallach. 2014. "Systematics of the blindsnakes (Serpentes: Scolecophidia: Typhlopoidea) based on molecular and morphological evidence". Zootaxa 3829(1): 001–081.
  8. ^ "Scolecophidia". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2007. 
  9. ^ Vidal, Nicolas; et al. (2010). "Blindsnake evolutionary tree reveals long history on Gondwana" (PDF). Biology Letters. 6. (4): 558–561, page 560. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2010.0220. 

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