Kekhaganan Rouran

Kekhaganan Rouran

330 AD–555 AD
Kekhaganan Rouran di Asia Tengah
Kekhaganan Rouran di Asia Tengah
StatusKekhaganan
Ibu kotaKota Mumo, Sungai Orkhon, Mongolia
Bahasa yang umum digunakanBahasa Ruanruan
Mongolia
Turk Kuno
Tionghoa Kuno
Agama
Tengrisme
Syamanisme
Buddhisme
Khagan 
• 330 AD
Yujiulü Mugulü
• 555 AD
Yujiulü Dengshuzi
LegislatifKurultai
Sejarah 
• Didirikan
330 AD
• Dibubarkan
555 AD
Luas
405[1][2]2.800.000 km2 (1.100.000 sq mi)
Didahului oleh
Digantikan oleh
Xianbei
Kekhanan Turk
Qi Utara
Zhou Utara
Sekarang bagian dariTiongkok
Kazakhstan
Mongolia
Rusia
Sunting kotak info
Sunting kotak info • Lihat • Bicara
Info templat
Bantuan penggunaan templat ini
Rouran
Hanzi: 柔然
Ruru atau Ruanruan
Hanzi: 蠕蠕
Gambaran seorang pria dari Ruoran (Ruiruiguo 芮芮國)

Kekhaganan Rouran (Hanzi: 柔然; Pinyin: Róurán),[3] adalah sebuah konfederasi suku dan kemudian negara yang didirikan oleh orang-orang Donghu Proto-Mongol.[4] Penguasa tertinggi Rouran dicatat sebagai yang pertama menggunakan gelar "khagan", setelah meminjam gelar populer tersebut dari Xianbei.[5] Kekhaganan Rouran berlangsung dari akhir abad ke-4 hingga pertengahan abad ke-6, ketika mereka dikalahkan oleh pemberontakan Göktürk yang menyebabkan berdirinya negara Turk pertama dalam sejarah.

Setelah negeri mereka hancur, sisa-sisa Rouran mungkin menjadi cikal bakal konfederasi Tatar,[6][7] sementara yang lain bermigrasi ke barat dan menjadi Avar Eurasia yang menetap di Pannonia (berpusat di Hungaria modern) selama abad ke-6.[8] Suku Avar dikejar hingga ke Kekaisaran Bizantium oleh Göktürk, yang memaksa Avar menjadi budak mereka, dan meminta agar Bizantium mengusir mereka. Namun, kaitan antara Rouran dan Avar masih menjadi teori yang kontroversial. Teori lain justru menghubungkan asal-usul Avar Pannonia dengan bangsa kuno lain seperti Uar atau Hun Putih.

Penguasa

Khagan

Nama Personal Nama Resmi[9][10] Memerintah Nama Era
Yujiulü Shelun Qiudoufa Khagan (丘豆伐可汗, bahasa Mongol: Жолоо барих хаан) 402–410
Yujiulü Hulü Aikugai Khagan (藹苦蓋可汗, bahasa Mongol: Ухаалаг хаан) 410–414
Yujiulü Buluzhen 414
Yujiulü Datan Mouhanheshenggai Khagan (牟汗紇升蓋可汗, bahasa Mongol: Мохошгуй хаан 414–429
Yujiulü Wuti Chilian Khagan (敕連可汗, bahasa Mongol: Тэнгэрийн хаан 429–444
Yujiulü Tuhezhen Chu Khagan (處可汗, bahasa Mongol: Цор хаан 444–464
Yujiulü Yucheng Shouluobuzhen Khagan (受羅部真可汗, bahasa Mongol: Зол завшаан хаан 464–485 Yongkang (永康)
Yujiulü Doulun Fugudun Khagan (伏古敦可汗, bahasa Mongol: Бэхэд хаан 485–492 Taiping (太平)
Yujiulü Nagai Houqifudaikezhe Khagan (侯其伏代庫者可汗, bahasa Mongol: Хөгжих бэхлэгч хаан 492–506 Taian (太安)
Yujiulü Futu Tuohan Khagan (佗汗可汗, bahasa Mongol: Дархан хаан 506–508 Shiping (始平)
Yujiulü Chounu Douluofubadoufa Khagan (豆羅伏跋豆伐可汗, bahasa Mongol: Дүрэм бадралт хаан 508–520 Jianchang (建昌)
Yujiulü Anagui Chiliantoubingdoufa Khagan (敕連頭兵豆伐可汗, bahasa Mongol: Тэнгэрийн мэдэлт хаан 520–521
Yujiulü Poluomen Mioukesheju Khagan (彌偶可社句可汗, bahasa Mongol: Амар тайван хаан 521–524
Yujiulü Anagui Chiliantoubingdoufa Khagan (敕連頭兵豆伐可汗, bahasa Mongol: Тэнгэрийн мэдэлт хаан 522–552

Khagan Barat

  1. Yujiulü Dengshuzi, 555

Khagan Timur

  1. Yujiulü Tiefa, 552–553
  2. Yujiulü Dengzhu, 553
  3. Yujiulü Kangti, 553
  4. Yujiulü Anluochen, 553–554

Referensi

Kutipan

  1. ^ Taagepera, Rein (1979). "Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D.". Social Science History. 3 (3/4): 129. doi:10.2307/1170959. JSTOR 170959. 
  2. ^ Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D (December 2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires". Journal of World-Systems Research. 12 (2): 222. ISSN 1076-156X. 
  3. ^ Zhang, Min. "On the Defensive System of Great Wall Military Town of Northern Wei Dynasty" China's Borderland History and Geography Studies, Jun. 2003 Vol. 13 No. 2. Page 15.
  4. ^ Wei Shou. Book of Wei. ch. 91 "蠕蠕,東胡之苗裔也,姓郁久閭氏" tr. "Rúrú, offsprings of Dōnghú, surnamed Yùjiŭlǘ"
  5. ^ Vovin, Alexander (2007). "Once again on the etymology of the title qaγan". Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia, vol. 12 (online resource)
  6. ^ Xu Elina-Qian, Historical Development of the Pre-Dynastic Khitan, University of Helsinki, 2005. pp. 179–180
  7. ^ Golden, Peter B. "Some Notes on the Avars and Rouran", in The Steppe Lands and the World beyond Them. Ed. Curta, Maleon. Iași (2013). pp. 54–56.
  8. ^ Findley (2005), p. 35.
  9. ^ 藤田 豊八 (April 1923). "蠕蠕の国号及び可汗号につきて". 東洋学報 (dalam bahasa Jepang). 13 (1): 55–70. 
  10. ^ Kang, Junyoung; Seong Gyu, L. E. E. (2019). "Rouran Khan Titles Research". The Oriental Studies (dalam bahasa Korea) (77): 131–159. doi:10.17320/orient.2019..77.131. ISSN 1229-3199. 

Sumber

Pranala luar

Templat:Inner Asia


Read other articles:

Wypadek kolejowy w East Palestine Państwo  Stany Zjednoczone Miejsce East Palestine Rodzaj zdarzenia wykolejenie Data 3 lutego 2023 Godzina 20:54 Położenie na mapie Stanów Zjednoczonychmiejsce zdarzenia 40°50′09,6″N 80°31′21,7″W/40,836000 -80,522700 Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons Wypadek kolejowy w East Palestine – wykolejenie się pociągu przewożącego chemikalia 3 lutego 2023 roku w East Palestine w stanie Ohio w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Z szyn wypadło 38 wagon

 

Island of the Galápagos Islands Santa Cruz Island(Indefatigable Island)Santa Cruz IslandGeographyLocationGalápagos Islands, EcuadorCoordinates0°37′23″S 90°22′06″W / 0.623017°S 90.368254°W / -0.623017; -90.368254ArchipelagoGalápagos IslandsArea986 km2 (381 sq mi)Highest elevation864 m (2835 ft)[1]Highest pointCerro CrockerAdministrationEcuadorDemographicsPopulation15,701 (2015) One of the twin craters, Los Gemelo...

 

Country of the Warsaw Pact and Eastern Bloc from 1947 to 1989 This article is about the Cold War-era Polish government. For the provisional 1918 government, see Provisional People's Government of the Republic of Poland. You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Polish. (September 2021) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Polish article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Transla...

Paulnay Entidad subnacional PaulnayLocalización de Paulnay en Francia Coordenadas 46°51′03″N 1°08′52″E / 46.850833333333, 1.1477777777778Entidad Comuna de Francia • País  Francia • Región Centro • Departamento Indre • Distrito distrito de Le Blanc • Cantón cantón de Mézières-en-Brenne • Mancomunidad Communauté de communes Cœur de BrenneAlcalde Jean-François Lalange (PSF)(2001-2008)Superficie   • Tot...

 

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (ديسمبر 2018) جاك ميرسير معلومات شخصية اسم الولادة (بالإنجليزية: Winfield B. Mercer)‏  الميلاد 31 يناير 1910  ورثينجتون (إنديانا)  الوفاة 7 ديسمبر 1984 (74 سنة)   مانهاتن  سبب ا

 

У Вікіпедії є статті про інших людей із прізвищем Шевченко. У Вікіпедії є статті про інших людей із прізвищем Натарова. Ірина ШевченкоЗагальна інформаціяГромадянство  СРСР УкраїнаМісце проживання ДніпроНародження 21 листопада 1945(1945-11-21) (78 років)Alma mater Національний ...

American play looks at potential descent of mathematical genius into mental illness This article is about the play by David Auburn. For the 2005 film adaptation, see Proof (2005 film). For other uses, see Proof (disambiguation). ProofWritten byDavid AuburnCharactersCatherineRobertHalClaireDate premieredMay 23, 2000Place premieredManhattan Theatre ClubOriginal languageEnglishGenreDramaSettingUniversity of Chicago Proof is a 2000 play by the American playwright David Auburn. Proof was developed...

 

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (أكتوبر 2020) الشريف  أنتوني كومين (بالكتالونية: Antoni Comín i Oliveres)‏    Member of the البرلمان الأوروبي for إسبانيا تولى المنصب2 July 2019 [1] Counselor of Health of Catalonia في المنصب14 January 2...

 

Brazilian politician and journalist (born 1976) Wilson LimaGovernor of AmazonasIncumbentAssumed office 1 January 2019Vice Governor Carlos Almeida (2019–2023) Tadeu de Souza (2023–present) Preceded byAmazonino Mendes Personal detailsBornWilson Miranda Lima (1976-06-26) 26 June 1976 (age 47)Santarém, Pará, BrazilPolitical partyUNIÃO (2022–present)Other politicalaffiliations PV (2013–2016) PR (2016–2018) PSC (2018–2022) ProfessionJournalist and radio host Wilson Miranda L...

ワールドラインWorldline S.A. 種類 株式会社市場情報 Euronext: WLN本社所在地 フランス95870River Ouest 80 Quai Voltaire, ブゾン設立 1970年 (53年前) (1970)業種 情報・通信業代表者 Gilles Grapinet(CEO)主要子会社 インジェニコ・グループ外部リンク 公式ウェブサイトテンプレートを表示 ワールドライン(フランス語: Worldline S.A.)は、電子決済プラットフォームの開発・運営...

 

Senegalese singer and guitarist (born 1953) This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Baaba Maal – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2016) (Learn how and when to remove ...

 

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: 1815 in Canada – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) ← 1814 1813 1812 1815 in Canada → 1816 1817 1818 Decades: 1790s 1800s 1810s 1820s 1830s See also: History of Canada Ti...

Shokugeki no SōmaMusim 1Gambar sampul kompilasi Blu-ray pertama, menampilkan karakter utama Soma YukihiraNegara asalJepangJumlah episode24RilisSaluran asliTBS, MBS, CBC, BS-TBS, AnimaxTanggal tayang4 April (2015-04-04) –26 September 2015 (2015-9-26)Kronologi MusimSelanjutnya →Musim 2 Daftar episode Shokugeki no Sōma Musim pertama dari seri anime Shokugeki no Sōma yang diproduksi oleh J.C.Staff dan disutradarai oleh Yoshitomo Yonetani, pertama kali diumumkan pada bul...

 

English singer (born 1961) Alison MoyetMBEMoyet performing in Hanover, Germany, in 2011Background informationBirth nameGeneviève Alison Jane MoyetAlso known asAlfBorn (1961-06-18) 18 June 1961 (age 62)Billericay, Essex, EnglandGenres Synth-pop new wave R&B soul pop rock jazz Occupation(s)SingersongwriterYears active1981–presentLabels Cooking Vinyl Columbia Sanctuary W14 Music Sony Music Mute Formerly of The Vandals the Screamin' Ab Dabs the Vicars the Little Roosters Yazoo Website...

 

Novel by John Grisham This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: The Testament Grisham novel – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The Testament First edition coverAuthorJohn GrishamCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishGenreA...

Term used to describe a series of changes in science occurred in industrial nations For other uses, see Big Science (disambiguation). This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Big scien...

 

Dodecaedro rombico(Animazione)TipoSolido di Catalan Forma faccerombi Nº facce12 Nº spigoli24 Nº vertici14 Valenze vertici3,4 DualeCubottaedro Proprietànon chirale Manuale In geometria solida, il dodecaedro rombico o rombododecaedro è uno dei tredici poliedri di Catalan. Indice 1 Facce e dualità 2 Area e volume 3 Tassellatura 4 Altri solidi 4.1 Dodecaedro trapezoidale 5 Altri solidi 6 Bibliografia 7 Voci correlate 8 Altri progetti 9 Collegamenti esterni Facce e dualità Do...

 

Movie The Siege at Ruby RidgeGenreDrama filmWritten byLionel ChetwyndDirected byRoger YoungStarringRandy QuaidLaura DernKirsten DunstTheme music composerPatrick WilliamsCountry of originUnited StatesOriginal languageEnglishProductionExecutive producersEdgar J. ScherickJudith ReganProducerRobert F. PhillipsProduction locationsChico, CaliforniaMagalia, CaliforniaCinematographyDonald M. MorganEditorsDennis C. VejarBenjamin A. WeissmanRunning time175 minutesProduction companiesEdgar J. Scherick A...

Cet article est une ébauche concernant une gare et la Hongrie. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Rákospalota-Kertváros Localisation Pays Hongrie Commune Budapest Quartier Rákospalota (15e arr.) Coordonnées géographiques 47° 34′ 40″ nord, 19° 07′ 20″ est Gestion et exploitation Exploitant Magyar Államvasutak (MÁV) Code UIC 55409151 Caractéristiques Lig...

 

ALC-0315 IUPAC名[(4-Hydroxybutyl)azanediyl]di(hexane-6,1-diyl) bis(2-hexyldecanoate) 识别 CAS号 2036272-55-4  Y PubChem 122666778 ChemSpider 103867294 SMILES   CCCCCCCCC(CCCCCC)C(=O)OCCCCCCN(CCCCO)CCCCCCOC(=O)C(CCCCCC)CCCCCCCC 性质 化学式 C48H95NO5 摩尔质量 766.27 g·mol−1 密度 0.919±0.06 g·cm−3(20 °C)[1] 溶解性(水) 7.7×10−5 g·L−1(25 °C)[1] 若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。 ALC-03...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!