Bahasa dunia

Bahasa dunia, bahasa bumi, atau bahasa global adalah istilah untuk bahasa-bahasa dengan jumlah penutur yang banyak atau tersebar di berbagai belahan dunia. Penyebaran bahasa global terjadi karena beberapa faktor seperti migrasi penutur bahasa.[1] Sebuah bahasa biasanya disebut sebagai bahasa global jika penggunaannya menunjukkan dominasi ekonomi, politik, teknologi, dan budaya di antara para penuturnya. Beberapa bahasa yang banyak penuturnya tidak termasuk bahasa global karena tidak memiliki pengaruh tersebut.[2] Bahasa Inggris adalah bahasa global utama dunia, ditunjukkan melalui penggunaannya sebagai bahasa resmi PBB dan Bank Sentral Eropa, bahasa kerja ASEAN dan banyak organisasi antarpemerintah lain. Bahasa Inggris juga merupakan bahasa kerja de facto penelitian ilmiah.[3]

Bahasa global yang masih aktif

Peta distribusi penutur bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa global

Beberapa sumber[3][4] menyebutkan bahasa global memiliki kriteria:

Bahasa yang sering dianggap sebagai bahasa global adalah:[6]

Sumber lain menyatakan bahwa bahasa berikut adalah bahasa dunia, tetapi sumber lain yang lebih ketat menyatakan bahasa ini sebagai bahasa lintas wilayah:[7]

Bahasa lintas wilayah lainnya:

Referensi

  1. ^ Liliweri, Alo (1 Desember 2010). Komunikasi Serba Ada Serba Makna. Jakarta: Kencana. hlm. 339. ISBN 978-602-8730-60-0. 
  2. ^ Sasongko, Agung (25 September 2015). "Jadi Bahasa Global, Apa Syaratnya?". Republika Online. Diakses tanggal 17 September 2020. 
  3. ^ a b Wallraff, Barbara (1 November 2000). "What Global Language?". The Atlantic (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 17 September 2020. 
  4. ^ Liden, Daniel (terakhir diperbarui 18 Agustus 2020). "What Is a World Language? (with pictures)". wisegeek.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 17 September 2020. 
  5. ^ Ammon, Ulrich (2010-10-07), Coupland, Nikolas, ed., "World Languages: Trends and Futures", The Handbook of Language and Globalization, Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, hlm. 104–116, doi:10.1002/9781444324068.ch4, ISBN 978-1-4443-2406-8 
  6. ^ Ammon, Ulrich (1989). Status and Function of Languages and Language Varieties (dalam bahasa Inggris). W. de Gruyter. ISBN 978-0-89925-356-5. 
  7. ^ Benrabah, Mohamed (2014-01-02). "Competition between four "world" languages in Algeria". Journal of World Languages. 1 (1): 38–59. doi:10.1080/21698252.2014.893676 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. ISSN 2169-8252. 
  8. ^ Baker&Jones (1998), hlm. 122.
  9. ^ Baker&Jones (1998), hlm. 122, 403, 406.

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