Astronomi radio

Sebuah teleskop radio diKompleks Goldstone DSC

Astronomi radio adalah cabang astronomi yang mempelajari fenomena benda angkasa melalui gelombang radio yang dipancarkannya. Gelombang radio mempunyai panjang gelombang yang lebih panjang dibandingkan gelombang cahaya. Untuk mendapatkan sinyal yang bagus, astronomi radio membutuhkan antena besar atau kelompok antena-antena kecil yang bekerja secara bersamaan seperti Very Large Array.

Pengamatan

Citra radio dari daerah inti Bima Sakti. Panahnya menunjukkan sisa-sisa supernova dari GCRT J1745-3009.

Untuk pengamatan pada panjang gelombang radio, peralatannya disebut teleskop radio. Teleskop ini hampir mirip dengan radar atau ground segment pada satelit. Perbedaannya adalah teleskop radio hanya merupakan sistem penerima. Dan sinyal yang diterima adalah sinyal analog, bukan sinyal digital.

Pada dasarnya, pengamatan dalam astronomi radio adalah untuk mengukur intensitas sinyal yang dipancarkan oleh suatu objek pada satu panjang gelombang atau frekuensi tertentu. Satuan yang biasa digunakan adalah Jansky(Jy). 1 Jansky setara dengan 10-26 watt m-2 Hz-1. Satuan ini cukup berguna karena sinyal radio yang dipancarkan oleh objek-objek astronomi sangat lemah.

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