Anarchismo

Anarchismo
instantia de: ideologia politic[*], schola de pensamento[*], movimento politic[*], schola philosophic[*]
File:BlackFlag.svg, Anarchist flag with symbol.svg
bandiera


Commons: Anarchism

Le anarchismo[1] es un philosophia politic que considera le stato indesirabile, superflue, e malefic, e in su loco promove un societate sin stato, o un anarchia. Anarchistas quere diminuer o abolir autoritate in le conducto de relationes human; ma foras iste tracto central, anarchistas non es de accordo re qual altere criterios es necessari; il non habe un sol position central tenite per omne anarchistas. Gratias a lor rejection de omne forma de domination o coercion in relationes social, multe anarchistas defende propositos como le amor libere, atheismo o pensamento libere, e opposition al capitalismo. Anarchismo es sovente characterisate como un movimento de sinistra extreme, e le majoritate de anarchistas influente ha historicamente essite de sinistra («anarchistas social»), malgrado un tradition plus al dextera («anarchistas individualista»). Anarcho-syndicalismo, que promove le creation de un societate de association libere e del distribution de benes coordinate per syndicatos, es un position frequentemente enunciate.

In le seculo 19, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon advocava un systema economic denominate mutualismo pro reimplaciar capitalismo e le concepto de proprietate. Anarchistas collaborava con socialistas e syndicalistas in le Association International de Travaliatores. Le plus magne proponente del anarchismo del seculo 19, Mikhail Bakunin, opponeva le ideas de Karl Marx e advocava le institution de socialismo revolutionari per le abolition del stato, non per su instrumentalisation per proletarios.

Un bandiera anarchista. Le motivo rubie e nigre es currente inter anarcho-syndicalistas, e le littera A in un circulo es un symbolo anarchista commun.

Le prince Petro Kropotkin defendeva le idea del association libere in observar multe casos de assistentia mutual inter animales. Su systema, denominate communismo anarchista o anarcho-communismo, previde un complexo mundial de communas auto-gerente in quales possession del benes essera commun.

Essayos de elaborar un socialismo revolutionari libertari, como le socialismo corporative de G. D. H. Cole o le communismo de consilios de Rosa Luxemburg, Anton Pannekoek e Sylvia Pankhurst, pote approximar se al anarchismo social.

On associa sovente anarchismo al violentia, gratias sur toto al strategia de propaganda per le facto, a saper le promotion del anarchismo per sabotage, bombardamento e assassinato. In 1878, anarchistas ha essayate de assassinar Wilhelm I de Germania, Alphonso II de Espania, e Humberto I de Italia. Alexandro II de Russia ha essite assassinate in 1881, le imperatrice austriac Elisabeth in 1898, Humberto I in 1900, e le presidente american William McKinley in 1901, omnes per anarchistas. Pauc de anarchistas son ora in favor del propaganda per le facto. Il ha mesmo un movimento anarcho-pacifista oppose a tote violentia.

Nestor Makhno, commandante del Armea Nigre in Ukraina.

Duo movimentos anarchista ha tenite poter considerabile. Le prime esseva le Mahnovščina, le movimento anarchista de Nestor Makhno que controlava un parte importante del Ukraina durante le Revolution russe. Le partisanos de Makhno—le Armea Insurgente Revolutionari del Ukraina, o Armea Nigre—combatteva le blancos (contra-revolutionarios), rubios (bolchevistas), e verdos (nationalistas ukrainian) ante esser disfacte per le Armea Rubie. Le secunde esseva le CNT-FAI que esseva multo influente durante le Revolution espaniol e le Guerra Civil Espaniol. In iste periodo, Buenaventura Durruti dirigeva un columna famose de anarchistas qui combatteva le fascistas, e le CNT-FAI coordinava le redistribution de benes e servicios in le Catalonia e Aragon republican.

Le tradition de anarchismo de dextera include un longe tradition de anarchistas individualista o egoista como William Godwin (cuje opera Political Justice, scripte in 1793, es sovente considerate como le prime tracta anarchista), Max Stirner e Benjamin Tucker. Anarchistas christian ha essite inspirate per Leon Tolstoi.

Currentes contemporanee del anarchismo include ecologia social (elaborate per Murray Bookchin), anarcha-feminismo (inspirate in parte per Emma Goldman e Voltairine de Cleyre), anarchismo queer, post-anarchismo (influentiate per post-modernismo, situationismo, etc.), e le socialismo libertari de Noam Chomsky.

Referentia

Referentias

  1. Derivation: Entitates: 1. (it) Anarchismo || 2. (es) Anarquismo || (pt) Anarquismo || 3. (fr) Anarchisme || 4. (en) Anarchism || Controlo: (de) Anarchismus || (ru) Анархизм || - (Extra): (la) Anarchismus

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