North Shore (Long Island)

Long Island térképe

A North Shore a New York államhoz tartozó sziget, Long Island északi részére utal, szokták még Gold Coast névvel (Arany-part) is illetni.[1] A szigetnek ezt a részét a jégkorszaki óriásgleccserek formálták, morénák jellemzik, hegyesebb, tengerpartja sziklásabb, mint Long Island déli, atlanti-óceáni, homokos partja.[2]

Az eredetileg főleg mezőgazdasági terület arculata a második ipari forradalom alatt változott meg, ekkor a szigetnek New Yorkhoz és Manhattanhez közeli északi régiójában pazar kastélyok épültek az itteni birtokokon. Az 1890-es évek elejétől több mint 500 kastély jelent meg, koncentrálódott itt mintegy 180 km2-en.[3] Az USA legvagyonosabb családjai (Vanderbilt, Astor, Whitney, Charles Pratt, J. P. Morgan, F. W. Woolworth) építkeztek itt az aranyozott kor idején, ezért is kapta az Arany-part ragadványnevet. A jelentős amerikai építészek által tervezett kastélyok a legkülönbözőbb stílusban épültek. A II. világháború után jórészüket lebontották, a birtokokat felosztották és elővárosi fejlesztések indultak el a területen. Mintegy 200 kastély fennmaradt, ezek egy részét múzeummá – pl. Theodore Roosevelt otthona, a Sagamore Hill – konferenciahelyszínné, vagy különböző intézmények otthonává alakították át.

  • Tengerpart
    Tengerpart
  • Oheka Castle, Otto Hermann Kahn bankár birtokán – jelenleg szálloda
    Oheka Castle, Otto Hermann Kahn bankár birtokán – jelenleg szálloda
  • Az Old Westbury Gardens, az USA acélmágnása, John Shaffer Phipps kastélya – jelenleg múzeum
    Az Old Westbury Gardens, az USA acélmágnása, John Shaffer Phipps kastélya – jelenleg múzeum
  • Beacon Towers – 1945-ben lebontották
    Beacon Towers – 1945-ben lebontották
Lásd még: New York szigetei (kategórialap)

Jegyzetek

  1. ↑ Long Island. Classical Excursions. [2011. november 29-i dátummal az eredetiből archiválva]. (Hozzáférés: 2012. november 25.)
  2. ↑ Geology of Long Island. Garvies Point Museum. (Hozzáférés: 2012. november 25.)
  3. ↑ Horsley, Carter B.. „More Mansions on Long Island's 'Gold Coast' Fall”, The New York Times, 1974. június 16. (Hozzáférés: 2020. március 29.) (amerikai angol nyelvű) 

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