Cézium-oxid

cézium-oxid

cézium-oxid
IUPAC-név cézium-oxid
Kémiai azonosítók
CAS-szám 20281-00-9
PubChem 9903865
ChemSpider 8079519
SMILES
[Cs+].[Cs+].[O-2]
InChI
1/2Cs.O/q2*+1;-2
InChIKey KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Kémiai és fizikai tulajdonságok
Kémiai képlet Cs2O
Moláris tömeg 281.81 g/mol
Megjelenés sárga-narancssárga szilárdan
Sűrűség 4.65 g/cm³, szilárd
Olvadáspont 490 °C alatt (N2)
Oldhatóság (vízben) reagál vele
Kristályszerkezet
Kristályszerkezet anti-CdCl2 (hexagonális)
Termokémia
Std. képződési
entalpia ΔfHo298		 -345.8 kJ/mol
Standard moláris
entrópia So298		 146.9 J K-1 mol-1
Hőkapacitás, C 76.0 J K-1 mol-1
Veszélyek
EU Index nincs listázva
Lobbanáspont nem gyúlékony
Rokon vegyületek
Azonos kation cézium-hidroxid
Azonos anion lítium-oxid
nátrium-oxid
kálium-oxid
rubídium-oxid
Ha másként nem jelöljük, az adatok az anyag standardállapotára (100 kPa) és 25 °C-os hőmérsékletre vonatkoznak.

A cézium-oxid egy szervetlen vegyület. A következő bináris cézium-oxidok ismertek: Cs11O3, Cs4O, Cs7O, és Cs2O.[1] A felsorolt oxidok és szuboxidok mind világos színűek. A Cs2O hatszögletű sárga-narancssárga kristályokat alkot.

Felhasználása

Fotokatódokban használják infravörös fény detektálásra, például tévékamerákban, képerősítőkben, vákuum-fotodiódákban, fotoelektron-sokszorozókban. Jó elektronemitter, de a magas gőznyomás korlátozza a használhatóságát.[2][3][4]

Reakciói

A Cs2O-ból magnéziummal reagálva cézium és magnézium-oxid keletkezik:[5][6]

Cs2O + Mg → 2Cs + MgO

A Cs2O higroszkópos, vízzel reagálva cézium-hidroxid (CsOH) keletkezik belőle.

Jegyzetek

  1. ↑ Simon, A. (1997), "Group 1 and 2 Suboxides and Subnitrides — Metals with Atomic Size Holes and Tunnels", Coord. Chem. Rev. 163: 253–270, DOI 10.1016/S0010-8545(97)00013-1.
  2. ↑ Capper, Peter & Elliott, C. T. (2000), Infrared Detectors and Emitters, Springer, p. 14, ISBN 978-0-7923-7206-6, <https://books.google.com/?id=HtgEcjQcgkkC&pg=PA14&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22>
  3. ↑ Busch, Kenneth W. & Busch, Marianna A. (1990), Multielement Detection Systems for Spectrochemical Analysis, Wiley-Interscience, p. 12, ISBN 978-0-471-81974-5, <https://books.google.com/?id=9H0W1J-Rku4C&pg=PA12&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22>
  4. ↑ Boolchand, Punit, ed. (2000), Insulating and Semiconducting Glasses, World Scientific, p. 855, ISBN 978-981-02-3673-1, <https://books.google.com/?id=QK2f4eVh7qgC&pg=PA855&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22>
  5. ↑ Turner, Jr., Francis M., ed. (1920), The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, New York: Chemical Catalog Co., p. 121, <https://books.google.com/?id=y8y0XE0nsYEC&pg=PA121&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22>
  6. ↑ Arora, M.G. (1997), S-Block Elements, New Delhi: Anmol Publications, p. 13, ISBN 978-81-7488-562-3, <https://books.google.com/?id=QR3TCaKaykEC&pg=PA256&dq=%22Bromine+dioxide%22>

Fordítás

Ez a szócikk részben vagy egészben a Caesium oxide című angol Wikipédia-szócikk ezen változatának fordításán alapul. Az eredeti cikk szerkesztőit annak laptörténete sorolja fel. Ez a jelzés csupán a megfogalmazás eredetét és a szerzői jogokat jelzi, nem szolgál a cikkben szereplő információk forrásmegjelöléseként.

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