Kurdski jezik

Kurdski jezik
Države Turska
Irak
Iran
Sirija
Armenija
Libanon
Izrael
Regije Jugozapadna Azija
Govornici oko 16 milijuna
Razredba indoeuropski
indoiranski
iranski
zapadnoiranski
kurdski
Službeni status
Služben Iran
Irak
Armenija
Ustanova nema
Jezični kôd
ISO 639-1 ku
ISO 639-2 kur
ISO 639-3 razno
Povezani članci: jezik | jezična porodica | popis jezika (po kodnim nazivima)


Kurdski jezik (ISO 639-3: kur) je maleni skup jezika (makrojezik) kojima govore Kurdi u Jugozapadnoj Aziji. Njime se služi oko 16 milijuna ljudi, no etnička populacija znatno je veća.

Individualni jezici

Individualni jezici su: srednjekurdski [ckb] u Iraku i Iranu s 3 712 000 govornika; sjevernokurdski [kmr] s 9 320 240 govornika; i južnokurdski [sdh][1] 3 000 000 u Iranu (Fattah 2000),[2] s većim brojem narječja:

  • Sjeverni Kurdi naseljeni su u Turskoj a znatan dio živi ih po drugim državama. Ukupno ih ima preko 9 000 000, najviše u Turskoj, te u Armeniji (100 000), Iranu (350 000), Iraku (2 800 000), Libanonu (75 000), Siriji (938 000). Etnički i jezikoslovno među njih se klasificiraju i Kurmandži (s Douddžik i Kizibakh), Sorani, Zaza ili Dimili.
  • Središnji Kurdi žive u Iranu (3 250 000) i Iraku 462 000 (2004.) a govore dijalektima hevleri (arbili), hošnav, pizdar, sulejmani (silemani), warmawa, rewandiz, bingird, mukri, kerkuki i garmiyani.
  • Kod Južnih Kurda postoje dijalekti kolyai, kermanšahi (kermanšani), kalhori, garusi (bidžari) sandžabi, malekšahi (malekš aj), bajraj, kordali, fejli i luri. naseljeni su u Iranu 3 000 000 (2000 Fatah) i nepoznat broj u Iraku.

Glasovi

47: b tD dD k g q ? f v sD zD s9 S Z x gF H 9 tS dZ m nD N "l l9 "r[ "r j w I i_ U "@ i: "e: "o: a: u: ei ai ui oi au @u @i eu[3]

Zemljopisna razdioba kurdskih jezika i inih iranskih jezikâ kojima se služe Kurdi.
sjeverni kurdski (kurmanski)
središnji kurdski (soranski)
južni kurdski
zazački
guranski
mješovito

Literatura

  • Abdulla, J. and McCarus, E.N. 1967. Kurdish Basic Course - Dialect of Sulaimania, Iraq. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor.

Izvori

  1. Ethnologue (16th)
  2. Documentation for ISO 639 identifier kur
  3. Kurdish

Vanjske poveznice

Nedovršeni članak Kurdski jezik koji govori o jeziku treba dopuniti. Dopunite ga prema pravilima Wikipedije.

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