↑Harry J. Magoulias. O city of Byzantium: annals of Niketas Choniates.
↑Žena koja je rodila Irenu bila je najvjerojatnije Irena iz obitelji Paleolog. Smatra se da je bilo neuobičajeno u Bizantu da mati i kći imaju isto ime.
↑Charles Cawley (2008-05-19). Russia, Rurikids – Chapter 3: Princes of Galich C. Princes of Volynia, Princes and Kings of Galich. Medieval Lands. Foundation of Medieval Genealogy.
↑Hubert Houben, Roger II of Sicily: A Ruler Between East and West