Ceca de Cízico

Ceca de Cízico

Antoniniano de Aureliano

IMP C AVRELIANVS AVG, cabeza radiada e busto acoirazado, cara á dereita. RESTITVTOR ORBIS, unha figura feminina en pé dálle unha grilanda a Aureliano, que porta un cetro. BC no exergo (ceca de Cízico, 2º obradoiro, 8ª emisión).
Ceca de Cízico. Ca. 273-274. 4,25 g. [1]

A ceca de Cízico foi un obradoiro monetario romano establecido na cidade grega de Cízico, situada na Propóntide, na actual Turquía. Esta ceca estivo en funcionamento desde mediados do século III ata mediados do século VII.

Historia

Resulta probable que a ceca estivese activa baixo os emperadores Valeriano (253-260) e Galieno (260-268) e, xa con máis certeza, sábese que estivo en funcionamento baixo Claudio o Gótico (268-270), Quintilo (270) e Aureliano (270-275). Con Aureliano, a ceca pasou de ter dous obradoiros operativos en 271 a cinco en 273, e o establecemento mantívose fiel ao emperador durante a guerra co Imperio de Palmira.[2][3]

Áureo da ceca de Cízico a nome de Diocleciano

A ceca estivo activa ao inicio do mandato de Diocleciano (284-305) e despois novamente baixo Valente (364-378), e mantivo as súas cuñaxes ata o período de León I (457-474). No entanto, cara á fin do século V a produción foise reducindo progresivamente ata chegar, probablemente, a unha interrupción da súa actividade.[4]

Follis bizantino de 40 nummi da ceca de Cízico, coa marca de ceca KYZ

A ceca de Cízico retomou a súa actividade regular no século VI, baixo os emperadores bizantinos Xustino I (518-527) e o seu sucesor, Xustiniano I (527-565). Neste período, no que a súa produción se limitou ao bronce, xogou un papel moi importante, xunto coa súa xemelga ceca de Nicomedia, na reforma monetaria de 539. As súas marcas de ceca máis comúns foron KY e KYZ.[5]

Por mor da ocupación persa estivo pechada entre 614 e 615 e novamente entre 625 e 626.[6] Logo dunha efémera reapertura, pechou definitivamente durante a reorganización das cecas levada a cabo por Heraclio I en 629, xunto coa ceca de Tesalónica e a de Nicomedia.[7]

Notas

  1. RIC V 368.
  2. Os historiadores concordan na fundación dunha ceca en 257, mais difiren na identificación desta coa de Cízico ou coa de Éfeso. Véxase De Blois, L. (1976). Páxina 93.
  3. Watson, A. (2004). Páxinas 64, 133-134.
  4. Hendy, M. F. (2008). Páxinas 378, 387, 397.
  5. Hendy, M. F. (2008). Páxina 401.
  6. Hendy, M. F. (2008). 416-417.
  7. Grierson, P. (1982). Páxinas 5, 47, 64, 106, 116.

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