Pyridazine

Pyridazine[1]
Image illustrative de l’article Pyridazine
Structure de la Pyridazine.
Identification
Nom UICPA Pyridazine
Synonymes

1,2-diazine
Orthodiazine
Oizine

No CAS 289-80-5
No ECHA 100.005.478
No CE 206-025-5
PubChem 9259
SMILES
InChI
Apparence Liquide incolore
Propriétés chimiques
Formule C4H4N2  [Isomères]
Masse molaire[3] 80,088 ± 0,003 9 g/mol
C 59,99 %, H 5,03 %, N 34,98 %,
pKa 2,24 à 20 °C[1]
Moment dipolaire 4,22 ± 0,02 D [2]
Propriétés physiques
fusion −8 °C[1]
ébullition 208 °C[1]
Solubilité Soluble dans l'eau[1].
Masse volumique 1,107
Propriétés électroniques
1re énergie d'ionisation 8,67 ± 0,03 eV (gaz)[4]
Précautions
Directive 67/548/EEC
Irritant
Xi


Écotoxicologie
DL50 2 650 mg·kg-1 (souris)[1]

Unités du SI et CNTP, sauf indication contraire.

La pyridazine (ou 1,2-diazine) est une molécule di-azotée hétérocyclique de formule chimique C4H4N2. Entre les années 1966-1970, Henri Laborit fait une étude de cette famille chimique et introduit en thérapeutique l'AGR 1240 minaprine commercialisée sous le nom de Cantor.

Structure

La pyridazine possède 2 atomes d'azote compris dans un cycle aromatique à 6 chaînons. Elle est l'isomère de position de la pyrimidine (1,3-diazine) et de la pyrazine (1,4-diazine).

De nombreux composés contiennent le noyau pyridazine, par exemple :

Propriétés physiques

Son poids moléculaire est de 80,09 g·mol-1. À température supérieure à −8 °C, c'est un liquide incolore qui passe à l'état gazeux vers les 208 °C.

Utilisation

Elle est principalement utilisée en recherche et dans l'industrie chimique comme produit de départ ou d'addition pour la synthèse de composés plus complexes. Très peu de composés naturels contenant cette structure sont connus, avec pour exception les monoamycines (antibactérien).

Notes et références

  1. a b c d e et f (en) ChemIDplus, « Pyridazine - RN: 289-80-5 », sur chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov, U.S. National Library of Medicine (consulté le )
  2. (en) David R. Lide, Handbook of chemistry and physics, Boca Raton, CRC, , 89e éd., 2736 p. (ISBN 978-1-4200-6679-1 et 1-4200-6679-X), p. 9-50
  3. Masse molaire calculée d’après « Atomic weights of the elements 2007 », sur www.chem.qmul.ac.uk.
  4. (en) David R. Lide, Handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC, , 89e éd., 2736 p. (ISBN 978-1-4200-6679-1), p. 10-205

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