Pierre de Chauvin

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Page d’aide sur l’homonymie

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Chauvin.

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Ne pas confondre avec Pierre Chauvin, homme politique français et Pierre Chauvin de La Pierre, commandant et capitaine.

Pierre de Chauvin
Biographie
Naissance
Décès
Activités

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Poste de traite de Tadoussac fondé par Pierre de Chauvin en 1600.

Pierre de Chauvin, sieur de Tonnetuit, né à Dieppe (Normandie, France) avant 1575 et mort à Honfleur en [n 1], est un capitaine de la marine et de l'armée française, lieutenant-général de la Nouvelle-France.

Biographie

Enfance et vie de famille

Pierre de Chauvin vient d'une famille de marchands. Il eut un fils, François, avec sa première femme, Jeanne de Mallemouche, puis épousa Marie de Brinon en secondes noces[1].

Carrière

Huguenot, Pierre de Chauvin sollicita, en 1599, une commission du roi Henri IV pour obtenir le monopole pour dix ans de la traite des fourrures[2] en Nouvelle-France, qui lui fut accordée à condition d'y fonder une colonie[3] et d'y établir la religion catholique. De Chauvin ne tint aucune de ses promesses, et s'occupa exclusivement de la traite des fourrures à Tadoussac, qu'il fonda en 1600[1].

François Gravé du Pont, aussi appelé de Pontgravé, qui l'accompagnait, remonta le fleuve jusqu'à Trois-Rivières. Pierre de Chauvin mourut en 1603[4].

Notes

  1. ↑ dans une maison toujours existante, située, 35, boulevard Charles V. Une plaque à sa mémoire y est apposée[réf. nécessaire].

Références

  1. ↑ a et b Morley 1966, p. 214
  2. ↑ Còté Hélène, « La traite des fourrures en Nouvelle-France » [PDF], sur Érudit, Centre interuniversitaire d’études québécoises (CIEQ), (consulté le ) : « Le commerce des pelleteries n’était pas une nouveauté pour les Amérindiens de l’est lors du passage de Jacques Cartier, en 1534. », p. 15
  3. ↑ Marie-Catherine Vignal, Le Traité de Vervins, Paris (lire en ligne), p. 385.
  4. ↑ Gouvernement du Québec, « Chauvin de Tonnetuit, Pierre de », sur Répertoire du patrimoine culturel du Québec (consulté le ).

Voir aussi

Bibliographie

  • Histoire du Canada, par les Frères des Écoles chrétiennes, cours moyen, 1916.
  • William F. E. Morley, CHAUVIN DE TONNETUIT, PIERRE DE, vol. 1, Université Laval/University of Toronto, (lire en ligne), p. 214-215

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