Calao à casque rond

Rhinoplax vigil

Calao à casque rond
Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après
Rhinoplax vigil
Classification COI
Règne Animalia
Embranchement Chordata
Sous-embr. Vertebrata
Classe Aves
Ordre Bucerotiformes
Famille Bucerotidae

Genre

Rhinoplax
Gloger, 1841

Espèce

Rhinoplax vigil
(J.R. Forster, 1781)

Synonymes

  • Buceros vigil

Statut de conservation UICN

( CR )
CR  :
En danger critique

Statut CITES

Sur l'annexe I de la CITES Annexe I , Rév. du 01/07/1975
Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après
Spécimen naturalisé

Le Calao à casque rond (Rhinoplax vigil) est une espèce d'oiseau de la famille des Bucerotidae ; l'unique représentant du genre Rhinoplax, parfois intégré au genre Buceros. C'est une espèce monotypique.

Habitat et répartition

aquarelle

Son aire s'étend à travers le sud de la Péninsule Malaise, l'Indonésie et les Philippines.

Mensurations

Il mesure 110 - 120 cm.

Alimentation

Il se nourrit de fruits (notammement du genre ficus) et de petits animaux.

Massacre

Le casque de kératine du Calao à casque rond est revêtu sur le devant d'une mince couche d'« ivoire rouge ». Cet ivoire rouge, appelé « ho-ting » en chinois, était autrefois une matière extrêmement prisée pour faire, par exemple, des sculptures miniatures, des bijoux et des ornements décoratifs. Dans les années 1970, les collectionneurs occidentaux de tabatières en ho-ting relancent par leur demande l'artisanat de l'ivoire rouge et menacent encore plus cette espèce déjà en danger[1]. Depuis 2011, l'ivoire rouge du Calao à casque rond est apparu sur internet et est redevenu une matière de luxe à la mode en Chine : ceci entraîne un massacre de cette espèce par les braconniers. Aujourd'hui ce calao est en danger critique d'extinction[2]. Il ne reste par exemple qu'environ 200 calaos à casque rond en Thaïlande[3], un pays ayant la superficie de la France.

Notes et références

  1. ↑ J. et K. MacKinnon (trad. Janine Cyrot), Les animaux d'Asie : Écologie de la région indo-malaise, Fernand Nathan, , 172 p., Calao à casque page 61
  2. ↑ AFP, « Oiseaux à l'"ivoire rouge" massacrés à Bornéo », sur 24heures.ch, 24 heures (Suisse),
  3. ↑ Pravit Rojanaphruk, « Rare birds, animal under threat from amulet craze, campaigners warn », sur khaosodenglish.com, Khaosod,

Liens externes

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