Bialgèbre

En mathématiques, une bialgèbre ou bigèbre est un ensemble qui possède à la fois une structure d'algèbre et une structure de coalgèbre, et tel que ces deux structures soient compatibles entre elles. Les algèbres de Hopf sont en particulier des bigèbres.

Définition

Si est un corps, une bialgèbre est un -espace vectoriel muni de quatre applications linéaires :

  • un produit ,
  • une unité ,
  • un coproduit ,
  • une counité .

telles que soit une algèbre et une coalgèbre, et qui vérifie l'une des propriétés équivalentes suivantes :

  1. et sont des morphismes d'algèbres.
  2. et sont des morphismes de coalgèbres.

Motivations

La notion de bialgèbre intervient surtout dans l'étude des algèbres de Hopf qui sont des bialgèbres particulières.

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