Bassin du Nil

Bassin du Nil
Situation
Image illustrative de l’article Bassin du Nil
Cours et bassin du Nil, avec indication des frontières politiques.
Pays Burundi, Égypte, Érythrée, Éthiopie, Kenya, Ouganda, République démocratique du Congo, Rwanda, Soudan, Soudan du Sud
Caractéristiques
Déversoir Mer Méditerranée
Principaux cours d'eau Nil, Nil bleu, Nil blanc
Superficie 3 254 555 km2
Débit 2 830 m3/s

Cet article détaille le bassin versant du Nil, en Afrique.

Caractéristiques

Carte topographique du cours et du bassin du Nil.

Le bassin du Nil est le 3e plus grand bassin versant du monde, après ceux de l'Amazone et du Congo, et le 2e d'Afrique. Il couvre une superficie de 3 254 555 km2, soit 10 % du continent, et s'étend sur les pays suivants :

Le Nil est formé par la confluence du Nil Bleu et du Nil Blanc à Khartoum. Après cette confluence, le seul affluent d'importance est l'Atbara : le Nil parcourt ainsi la moitié de son cours sans affluent permanent, à travers le Sahara.

Le bassin du Nil est contigu de celui du Congo.

Affluents

Nil

En remontant le fleuve, de son embouchure jusqu'à la confluence entre les Nil Blanc et Bleu :

Nil Bleu

Le Nil Bleu est la branche orientale du Nil, s'écoulant en Éthiopie, Érythrée et Soudan. Bien que plus court que le Nil Blanc, il contribue à la majorité du débit du Nil.

Nil Blanc

Le Nil blanc photographié au cours de l'expédition 40 de la station spatiale internationale (ISS).

Le Nil Blanc est la branche occidentale du Nil. Il débute au lac Victoria, lui-même alimenté par de nombreux cours d'eau.

Liens externes

Voir aussi

Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :

Notes et références

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