Arc de Marc Aurèle (Markouna)

Arc de Marc Aurèle
Arc de triomphe de Markouna
Image illustrative de l’article Arc de Marc Aurèle (Markouna)
Localisation
Pays Drapeau de l'Algérie Algérie
wilaya de Batna
Protection Site Classé d'Algérie
Coordonnées 35° 28′ 15″ nord, 6° 18′ 08″ est
Histoire
Époque IIe siècle
Géolocalisation sur la carte : Algérie
(Voir situation sur carte : Algérie)
Arc de Marc Aurèle
Arc de Marc Aurèle

L'Arc de Marc Aurèle (ou arc de triomphe de Markouna) est un arc de triomphe antique, situé sur la commune de Tazoult, dans la wilaya de Batna, en Algérie.

Histoire

L'arc est situé au nord-est des ruines de l'antique Verecunda (Markouna), à environ 3 km de Lambèse dont elle était un faubourg puis un pagus ou une civitas, avant de s'en émanciper ainsi qu'en atteste l'édification de cet ouvrage monumental[1]. L'arc porte deux dédicaces à l'empereur Marc Aurèle par la respublica Verecundensium, datées de 172, lorsque l'empereur était représenté dans la province de Numidie par le légat de légion Aemelius Macer Saturnius[2], alors responsable de la Legio III Augusta[3]. Un deuxième arc de triomphe similaire à celui-ci se trouve non loin, sur la route allant vers de Timgad[1].

L'arc de triomphe a été classé parmi les sites et monuments historiques algériens conformément à l’article 62 de l’ordonnance N° 67-281 du 20 décembre 1967[4].

Description

La baie, large de 3,62 m et qui pouvait être fermée — comme en témoignent les mortaises creusées de chaque côté de l'ouverture — est flanquée sur chaque face, à droite et à gauche, d'un pilastre que précédait une colonne ; plus loin, un simple pilastre fait une saillie à l'extrémité du pied-droit. Les colonnes ont disparu ; l'arcade, décorée d'archivoltes, subsiste ainsi qu'une partie de l'entablement et de l'attique. La frise est relativement élevée et se compose de deux assises de pierre[2].

Notes et références

  1. a et b Anne-Marie Bareil, Les arcs de triomphe dédiés à Caracalla en Afrique romaine : architecture et urbanisme, politique et société, vol. III/III (Thèse de doctorat, Histoire de l’Art et Archéologie), Université Nancy 2, , p. 569
  2. a et b Stéphane Gsell, Les monuments antiques de l'Algérie, t. I, Paris, Albert Fontemoing, (lire en ligne), p. 165-167
  3. (en) Jakob Munk Hojte, Roman Imperial Statue Bases : from Augustus to Commodus, Aarhus University Press, , 664 p. (ISBN 978-87-7934-906-3, lire en ligne), p. 550
  4. « Liste Générale des Biens Culturels Protégés - (05) Wilaya de Batna », sur www.m-culture.gov.dz, Ministère de la culture algérien (consulté le )

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