1er régiment de dragons à pied

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Si les dragons sont, habituellement, des unités de cavalerie, certaines unités d'infanterie de l'armée française ont pu porter ce nom sous la Révolution et l'Empire.

Ainsi, à trois reprises, un 1er régiment de dragons à pied a été constitué. En premier lieu au Camp de Boulogne (1803) ; en deuxième lieu, pendant la campagne de 1805, enfin pendant la campagne de 1806[1].

1803

Deux divisions de dragons à pied sont constitués cette année. Ce sont les régiments entiers qui sont démontés pour les constituer avec deux escadrons. Le 1er régiment fait partie de la brigade Ferrol, division Klein[1].

Les dragons de la division Klein sont cantonnés autour d'Amiens[1].

À l'ouverture de la campagne d'Austerlitz, les dragons sont remontés[1].

1805

Le , une division de quatre régiments de dragons à pied est créée à Strasbourg. Chaque régiment de dragon devait fournir 2 compagnies à pied.

Le 1er régiment de dragons à pied est ainsi constitué de compagnies des 1er, 2e et 20e (1er bataillon), 4e, 14e et 26e (2e bataillon)[1].

Fin , tous ces dragons furent remontés et ces régiments de piétons disparurent.

1806

Le , Napoléon décide de créer 4 bataillons de dragons à pied, formés en deux régiments. Ils sont rattachés à la Garde Impériale mais n'en font pas partie[2].

Le 1er régiment est formé à Mayence. Il comprend les 1er et 2e bataillons[2]. Ils étaient composés de huit compagnies, issues des 2e, 6e, 11e, 13e, 14e, 20e, 22e et 26e régiments de Dragons[2].

Ce régiment est rattaché aux Grenadiers à pied de la Garde[2] sans en faire partie. Il disparaît deux mois plus tard, ses dragons étant remontés et rejoignant leurs régiments d'origine[2].

Notes et références

  1. ↑ a b c d et e Bucquoy 1980, p. 51
  2. ↑ a b c d et e Bucquoy 1980, p. 55

Bibliographie

  • Eugène-Louis Bucquoy, Les uniformes du Premier Empire : Dragons et Guides, Paris, Jacques Grancher, , 183 pages (ISBN 9782733906811).

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