Saint Matthew Island

Saint Matthew Island

Cape Upright Saint Matthewn saarella

Sijainti
Korkein kohta
449,9 m
Pinta-ala
357 km²
Väestö
Asukasluku
(asumaton)
Kartta

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kartta saarista

Saint Matthew Island on syrjäinen asumaton kalliosaari Beringinmeressä Alaskassa 295 kilometriä länsiluoteeseen Nunivakin saaresta. Saaren pinta-ala on 357 neliökilometriä, joka tekee siitä Yhdysvaltain 43. suurimman saaren. Saaren eteläkärjessä on 300 metriin merenpinnan yläpuolelle kohoava jyrkkä kallioseinämä, nimeltään Cape Upright. Saaren pohjoispään Glory of Russia -niemellä on suunnilleen samoihin korkeuksiin kohoavaa maastoa ja saaren korkein kohta, 450 metriä merenpinnan yläpuolella, sijaitsee hieman etelään saaren keskikohdasta.

Saaren luoteispuolella sijaitsee pieni saari, nimeltään Hall Island. Saaret erottaa toisistaan noin viisi kilometriä leveä salmi, nimeltään Sarichef Strait. 15 kilometriä etelään pääsaarelta sijaitsee pieni kivisaari, nimeltään Pinnacle Rock. Saaret kuuluvat osana Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge–luonnosuojelualueeseen. Yhdysvaltain laivasto ylläpiti saarella miehitettyä Loran–asemaa 1940-luvulla.

1944 saarelle tuotiin 29 poroa. Vuoteen 1963 mennessä porojen määrä oli kasvanut 6000 yksilöön, joka oli aivan liian suuri määrä saaren kantokykyyn nähden. Tästä johtuen seuraavana talvena suuri osa poroista kuoli nälkään ja kanta romahti vain 42 yksilöön. Tuoreimpien arvioiden mukaan saarella elinkelpoinen kanta ei voi ylittää 1670 eläintä. [1]

Saarten syrjäisen sijainnin vuoksi metsänhoitoviranomaiset vierailevat siellä vain joka viides vuosi.[2]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ [Klein, D. R. (n.d.). The Introduction, Increase, and Crash of Reindeer on St. Matthew Island. http://dieoff.org/page80.htm]
  2. ↑ Marc Romano; David Klein; Anthony DeGange; Steve Delehanty; Monte Garroutte; Dennis Griffin; Richard Kleinleder; Derek Sikes; Heather Renner: REPORT OF 2012 EXPEDTION TO ST. MATTHEW AND OTHER BERING SEA ISLANDS (PDF) 2013. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Arkistoitu 22.3.2016. Viitattu 18.3.2017. (englanniksi)
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