J/ψ partikula

J/ψ partikula
AurkituaSamuel C. C. Ting eta Burton Richter 1974
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J/ψ partikula edo J/ψ mesoia partikula subatomiko bat da, zehazki, quark sorgindu eta antiquark sorgindu batez osatua dagoen zapore neutroko mesoi bat. Quark sorgindu (ingelesez charm) eta antiquark sorgindu baten arteko egoera lotu baten bidez eratutako mesoiak charmonium bezala ezagutzen dira eta J/ψ partikula da charmoniumaren lehen egoera kitzikatua, hau da, charmoniumaren egoeren artean geldian masa gutxien duen bigarren egoera. Partikula honek geldian 3096,9 MeV/c2eko masa eta 7,2·10-21 segundoko batez besteko bizitza du.

Modu independentean aurkitu zuten bi ikerketa taldek, bata Stanfordeko Zentru Azeleratzaile Linealean, Burton Richter buru zuena, eta bestea Brookhaveneko Laborategi Nazionalean, Samuel Tingek zuzendua, Massachusetts Institute of Technologyn. Bi taldeek partikula bera aurkitu zutela aurkitu zuten, eta biek aurkikuntza 1974ko azaroak 11n iragarri zuten. Aurkikuntza honen garrantzia argi eta garbi geratzen da energia altuko fisikaren arloan oso azkar gertatu ziren hurrengo aldaketa guztiak kolektiboki "Azaroko Iraultza" bezala deituak izan baitziren. Richterrek eta Tingek aurkikuntza bateratu honegatik Fisikako Nobel Saria jaso zuten 1976an.

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