Pruunvetikad

Pruunvetikad

Taksonoomia
Riik Kromalveolaadid Chromalveolata
Hõimkond Heterokondid Heterokontophyta
Klass Pruunvetikad Phaeophyceae

Pruunvetikad (Phaeophyceae) on vetikate klass, mis kuulub heterokontide (stramenopiilide) hõimkonda. Enamik pruunvetikaid on hulkraksed ja elavad meres. Pruunvetikaid on umbes 1500 liiki.[1]

Üks tuntuim pruunvetikas on harilik põisadru, mis kasvab ka Läänemeres.

Süstemaatika

Üldjuhul käsitletakse pruunvetikaid klassi (Phaeophyceae) tasemel, harvem hõimkonna pruunvetiktaimed (Phaeophyta) tasemel. Kui pruunvetikaid käsitletakse hõimkonna tasemel, siis kuulub siia vaid üks klass – Phaeophyceae.

Bioloogia

Suur osa pruunvetiktaimi on makroskoopilised ning elavad valdavalt jahedate mererannikute põhjas, kuuludes fütobentosesse. Nende optimaalne kasvupiirkond on 6–15 meetrit.

Pruunvetikatele annavad iseloomuliku värvuse pigment fukoksantiin ja teised ksantofüllid. Pruunvetikate rakkudel on kujunenud iseloomulikud moodustised – füsoodid, mis sisaldavad parkaineid (tanniine).

Sigimine ja areng

Pruunvetikad paljunevad vegetatiivselt, suguliselt ja eoseliselt.

Pruunvetikad inimkasutuses

Pruunvetikad sisaldavad suhteliselt palju joodi ja muid mikroelemente, mistõttu neid kasutatakse väetisena ja meditsiinis kilpnäärme alatalitluse korral. Viimasel ajal[millal?] valmistatakse pruunvetiktaimedest ka preparaate, mis aitavad organismist väljutada radioaktiivseid aineid.

Viited

  1. ↑ Thomas, D.N. (2002). Seaweeds. The Natural History Museum, London. ISBN 0 56509175 1

Kirjandust

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