Esiaeg

Esiaeg ehk muinasaeg ehk ürgaeg ehk esiajalooline aeg ehk eelajalooline aeg on inimkonna ajaloo periood alates kivist tööriistade kasutuselevõtust umbes 3,3 miljonit aastat tagasi kuni kirja leiutamise ja rakendamiseni umbes 4. aastatuhandel eKr.

Erinevates piirkondades lõppes esiaeg erineval ajal. Näiteks

Esiaja lõppemisel võisid olla erinevad põhjused. Näiteks:

Eesti esiaja lõpuks peetakse üldiselt 13. sajandi algust, kui Eesti alad aastail 1208 – 1227 toimunud ristisõja käigus vallutati.

Esiaja periodiseerimine

Inimühiskonna kõige kaugemat minevikku nimetatakse ka ürgajaks.

Esiaja periodiseerimisel on üldiselt aluseks põhiline materjal, millest valmistati tööriistu ja relvi. Esiaja perioodid on vastavalt:

Mõnes piirkonnas oli kiviaja ja pronksiaja vahel eneoliitikum ehk vase-kiviaeg.

Eri piirkondades võisid esiaja teatud perioodid olla erineval ajal või ka puududa. Näiteks Põhja-Euroopas lõppes kiviaeg umbes 1500 eKr, pronksiaeg kestis umbes 500. aastani eKr ning rauaaeg umbes 1000.–1200. aastani pKr.

Esiaja uurimine

Esiaega on võimalik uurida eelkõige aineliste ajalooallikate ehk muististe põhjal. Muistised on säilinud maapõues või maapinnal. Muististe uurimisega tegeleb arheoloogia. Esiajaloo kohta võib saada ka füüsilise antropoloogia, keeleteaduse ja geneetika meetodite abil.

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Välislingid

Ajalooperioodid
Esiaeg: kiviaeg · pronksiaeg · rauaaeg
Ajalooline aeg: vanaaeg · keskaeg · uusaeg · uusim aeg

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