Demografía de Chad

Evolución demográfica entre 1950 y 2019.

Este artículo hace referencia a la descripción de la demografía de Chad

Población

Para el 2022, Chad tiene una población de 17,963,211 habitantes. La mitad se concentra en el sur. En el norte sólo habitan grupos nómadas. Los musulmanes son el 50%, el 43% tiene creencias tradicionales y el 7% es cristiano. Los idiomas oficiales son el francés y el árabe, aunque se hablan más de 120 lenguas y dialectos. La esperanza de vida es de 47 años. El promedio de hijos por mujer es de 5,56, una de las tasas más altas del mundo, lo cual provoca un incremento de la población muy elevado. El 47.5% de la población está alfabetizada.

Estadísticas vitales

Nacidos vivos por año Muertes por año Cambio natural por año CBR CDR NC TFR IMR Expectativa de vida
1950   117,000   70,000   47,000 46.7 27.8 18.9 6.06 197.6 36.21
1951   119,000   72,000   47,000 46.5 28.1 18.4 6.07 196.5 36.34
1952   121,000   73,000   48,000 46.4 28.1 18.3 6.09 194.4 36.50
1953   123,000   74,000   49,000 46.4 27.9 18.5 6.11 192.3 36.84
1954   125,000   75,000   50,000 46.3 27.7 18.5 6.13 190.3 37.03
1955   127,000   76,000   51,000 46.2 27.6 18.6 6.15 188.3 37.21
1956   130,000   77,000   53,000 46.1 27.3 18.8 6.17 186.3 37.45
1957   132,000   78,000   54,000 46.0 27.1 18.9 6.19 184.3 37.66
1958   134,000   78,000   56,000 45.9 26.8 19.1 6.21 182.3 37.94
1959   136,000   79,000   57,000 45.9 26.5 19.3 6.23 180.3 38.19
1960   139,000   80,000   59,000 45.7 26.3 19.4 6.25 178.4 38.37
1961   141,000   80,000   61,000 45.7 26.0 19.6 6.27 176.5 38.63
1962   144,000   81,000   62,000 45.6 25.8 19.8 6.29 174.6 38.84
1963   146,000   82,000   64,000 45.5 25.6 19.9 6.30 172.8 39.07
1964   149,000   83,000   66,000 45.4 25.3 20.2 6.32 171.0 39.33
1965   152,000   85,000   67,000 45.4 25.4 20.0 6.34 169.7 39.12
1966   155,000   86,000   69,000 45.4 25.3 20.2 6.36 166.8 39.15
1967   158,000   87,000   71,000 45.6 25.0 20.6 6.39 164.2 39.48
1968   162,000   87,000   75,000 45.8 24.6 21.2 6.43 161.3 39.90
1969   166,000   88,000   79,000 46.2 24.3 21.9 6.48 158.3 40.27
1970   172,000   88,000   83,000 46.7 24.1 22.6 6.53 155.2 40.60
1971   177,000   92,000   85,000 47.2 24.4 22.7 6.58 153.5 40.19
1972   188,000   90,000   97,000 49.0 23.6 25.4 6.85 149.1 41.40
1973   192,000   92,000   100,000 49.0 23.5 25.5 6.87 148.7 41.78
1974   196,000   94,000   102,000 48.8 23.5 25.4 6.86 147.8 41.79
1975   200,000   96,000   104,000 48.7 23.4 25.4 6.88 147.0 41.87
1976   203,000   97,000   107,000 48.6 23.1 25.5 6.89 145.5 42.04
1977   206,000   98,000   109,000 48.4 22.9 25.5 6.90 144.6 42.26
1978   209,000   98,000   111,000 48.2 22.7 25.5 6.89 143.6 42.50
1979   212,000   99,000   113,000 48.1 22.4 25.7 6.91 142.6 42.81
1980   218,000   100,000   118,000 48.2 22.1 26.1 6.91 141.4 43.06
1981   205,000   97,000   108,000 46.3 21.9 24.5 6.94 141.0 43.31
1982   212,000   97,000   115,000 46.9 21.4 25.5 6.96 139.5 43.73
1983   242,000   102,000   140,000 49.8 21.1 28.8 6.98 138.0 44.18
1984   252,000   105,000   147,000 50.4 21.0 29.4 7.02 136.2 44.52
1985   245,000   103,000   142,000 49.3 20.7 28.5 7.04 135.0 45.05
1986   252,000   104,000   148,000 49.4 20.4 28.9 7.07 132.1 45.21
1987   268,000   116,000   153,000 50.7 21.8 28.8 7.11 130.4 42.80
1988   283,000   110,000   173,000 51.7 20.2 31.5 7.15 128.9 45.79
1989   295,000   114,000   182,000 52.1 20.1 32.0 7.19 127.0 45.88
1990   307,000   121,000   185,000 52.4 20.7 31.6 7.22 125.3 44.69
1991   312,000   120,000   192,000 52.1 20.0 32.0 7.26 124.2 45.94
1992   336,000   125,000   211,000 53.3 19.9 33.4 7.30 122.5 46.10
1993   349,000   129,000   221,000 53.5 19.7 33.8 7.34 120.9 46.32
1994   343,000   129,000   214,000 52.1 19.5 32.5 7.31 119.6 46.45
1995   355,000   131,000   224,000 52.1 19.2 32.9 7.29 118.2 46.71
1996   381,000   136,000   245,000 53.0 18.9 34.0 7.29 117.0 47.01
1997   390,000   139,000   251,000 52.4 18.7 33.7 7.27 115.6 47.22
1998   403,000   143,000   260,000 52.2 18.5 33.7 7.27 114.0 47.22
1999   413,000   146,000   267,000 51.7 18.3 33.4 7.26 112.4 47.37
2000   424,000   149,000   275,000 51.3 18.1 33.2 7.25 110.7 47.44
2001   436,000   151,000   285,000 51.1 17.7 33.4 7.23 108.8 47.85
2002   444,000   154,000   290,000 50.3 17.4 32.9 7.20 106.8 47.95
2003   457,000   157,000   300,000 49.9 17.1 32.8 7.18 105.1 48.21
2004   481,000   162,000   318,000 50.3 17.0 33.3 7.16 103.4 48.23
2005   503,000   168,000   335,000 50.3 16.8 33.5 7.13 101.5 48.31
2006   517,000   173,000   344,000 49.9 16.7 33.2 7.12 99.7 48.29
2007   533,000   175,000   359,000 49.7 16.3 33.4 7.09 97.5 48.75
2008   546,000   177,000   368,000 49.2 16.0 33.2 7.06 95.4 49.02
2009   562,000   181,000   381,000 48.9 15.8 33.2 7.02 93.2 49.20
2010   580,000   183,000   397,000 48.8 15.4 33.3 6.99 91.1 49.58
2011   595,000   185,000   410,000 48.4 15.1 33.3 6.95 88.9 50.01
2012   612,000   187,000   426,000 48.0 14.6 33.4 6.91 86.6 50.54
2013   626,000   190,000   437,000 47.5 14.4 33.1 6.84 84.5 50.78
2014   643,000   192,000   451,000 47.0 14.0 33.0 6.78 82.6 51.20
2015   657,000   194,000   463,000 46.4 13.7 32.7 6.71 80.6 51.59
2016   663,000   194,000   469,000 45.5 13.3 32.2 6.62 78.5 52.08
2017   676,000   197,000   479,000 44.8 13.0 31.8 6.54 76.3 52.31
2018   691,000   197,000   494,000 44.4 12.7 31.7 6.46 74.2 52.83
2019   714,000   200,000   514,000 44.2 12.4 31.9 6.41 72.2 53.26
2020   730,000   208,000   522,000 43.8 12.5 31.4 6.35 70.2 52.78
2021   745,000   215,000   530,000 43.4 12.5 30.9 6.26 68.2 52.53

Fuente: UN DESA, World Population Prospects, 2022

Gráfico no disponible temporalmente debido a problemas técnicos.
Gráfico no disponible temporalmente debido a problemas técnicos.
Gráfico no disponible temporalmente debido a problemas técnicos.

Natalidad y nacimientos

Tasa de natalidad (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) y la tasa de natalidad cruda (CBR):[1]​

Year CBR (Total) TFR (Total) CBR (Urban) TFR (Urban) CBR (Rural) TFR (Rural)
1996-97 47,8 6,6 (6,3) 44,4 6,1 (5,7) 48,8 6,8 (6,5)
2004 44,6 6,3 (6,1) 41,8 5,7 (5,5) 45,3 6,5 (6,2)
2014-15 40,5 6,4 (6,1) 36,0 5,4 (5,1) 41,8 6,8 (6,5)

Datos de fertilidad son del 2014-2015 (DHS Program):[2]​

Region Total fertility rate Percentage of women age 15-49 currently pregnant Mean number of children ever born to women age 40-49
Batha 7.3 12.2 8.3
Borkou, Tibesti 5.3 9.6 6.4
Chari Baguirmi 6.6 16.1 7.7
Guéra 6.7 14.6 8.4
Hadjer-Lamis 6.8 14.5 8.4
Kanem 6.0 14.8 7.1
Lac 5.4 14.7 7.9
Logone Occidental 6.4 12.7 7.6
Logone Oriental 7.6 12.7 8.3
Mandoul 6.5 12.7 7.7
Mayo Kebbi Est 6.7 15.0 7.3
Mayo Kebbi Ouest 7.5 13.8 7.9
Moyen Chari 5.5 12.6 6.8
Ouaddaï 6.1 13.1 7.1
Salamat 6.5 19.7 8.0
Tandjilé 7.1 13.1 8.0
Wadi Fira 5.9 12.2 6.5
N’Djaména 5.2 9.4 6.5
Barh El Gazal 5.6 14.5 7.1
Ennedi Est, Ennedi Ouest 5.0 13.4 6.3
Sila 6.7 19.6 7.7

Crecimiento de la población

Hombres y mujeres

  • Al nacimiento: 1.04 hombres/mujeres
  • Más de 65 años: 0.79 hombres/mujeres
  • Todas las edades: 0.97 hombres/mujeres

Esperanza de vida

Para el 2022, se estimaba que la esperanza de vida del total de la población correspondía a 59.15 años

  • Hombres:57.32 años
  • Mujeres:61.06 años

Divisiones étnicas

Religión

Artículo principal: Religión en Chad
  • Musulmanes 51.8 %
  • Católicos: 20.3%
  • Protestantes: 23.5%
  • Animistas: 0.6%

Idioma

Francés (oficial), árabe (oficial), Sara y Sango (en sur), más de 100 idiomas y dialectos.

Alfabetismo

Leen y escriben con más de 15 años: en francés o árabe

  • De la población total: 22.3% (2016 est.)
  • Hombres: 31.3% (2016 est.)
  • Mujeres: 14% (2016 est.)

Referencias

  1. ↑ «MEASURE DHS: Demographic and Health Surveys». worldbank.org. Consultado el 18 de enero de 2017. 
  2. ↑ http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR317/FR317.pdf

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